Morphological, anatomical and palynological properties of Cyclamen mirabile Hildebr. endemic to Anatolia, Turkey have been determined. Typifications, synonym lists, descriptions, ecology and phytogeography are provided for the species and its relationships to similiar species are discussed. The anatomical study from different plant parts of C. mirabile have been made for the first time. Its pollen morphologies were also defined. Morphological findings obtained in the present investigation were generally consistent with those given in the Flora of Turkey with some exceptions in numerical data.

Viola denizliensis is described as a new species from South-West Anatolia. The species grows on serpentinite stony slopes in Bozdağ Mountain in Denizli. It belongs to Viola sect. Melanium and is close to V. dirimliensis and V. kitaibeliana. Viola denizliensis can be readily distinguished from related species by morphological and molecular characters. Comments on descriptive and diagnostic characters, distribution and ecology, phenolgy and proposed conservation status for this new species are given in the present study. Morphological affinities and ISSR-based molecular relationships between V. denizliensis and related species are also discussed.

Plocama calabrica (L.f.) M.Backlund & Thulin var. alba Göktürk, O.D.Düşen, B.Gürcan & U. Sarpkaya variety nova is described from South-West Anatolia. The new variety grows on limestone slopes between Akpınar and Yaylapınar villages in the Çameli district in Denizli. It is closely related to P. calabrica var. calabrica, and can be readily distinguished by morphological and molecular characters from the related variety. Taxonomic comments such as descriptive and diagnostic characters, distribution and ecology, phenology and proposed conservation status for this new variety are given in the current study. Morphological affinities and the inter-simple-sequence repeat (ISSR)-PCR based phylogenetic relationships between the new and the related variety are also discussed

Saxifraga kavrunensis, a new species endemic to Turkey, is described and illustrated. Samples from its natural population were collected from the Kaçkar Mountains in Rize Province. Although it has similar features to S. paniculata subsp. paniculata, it differs in its longer multi-flowered stem and maroon-spotted corolla. In this study, the diagnostic characteristics of S. kavrunensis were elucidated at the morphological, micromorphological and molecular level. In the molecular-based phylogenetic analyses, S. kavrunensis was compared with S. paniculata subsp. paniculata, to which it bears the closest morphological resemblance. After PCR analyses, reproductive band profiles were obtained from three of the eighteen ISSR primers tested. The 66 polymorphic band profiles, ranging from 230 bp to 4000 bp, were obtained from the agarose gel electrophoresis images of these three primers. According to a distance matrix based on the Jaccard coefficient, significant variation was detected at the species level, with indices varying between 0.395 and 0.614 between both species.