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In this chapter, an overview of the general classifications of stored product insect pests (internal developers and external developers), and management of stored product insect pests through the application of fumigants and contact insecticides, and physical disinfestation methods is provided. Insect management through heat disinfestation of stored products and storage structures, effects of high temperatures on stored product insects, heat tolerance in stored product insects, and empirical methods and simulation models for obtaining thermal kinetic data for stored product insects are covered. The current status of research and development in heat disinfestation of stored products is described, focusing on convective heating, conductive heating, and electromagnetic energy. The heat disinfestation of structures, and the equipment used in the process are presented.