Although the accumulation of pharmaceutical drugs in aquatic bodies has increased rapidly in recent years, the effect of rifampicin (RIF), a first-line anti-tuberculosis drug, on fish feeding, growth, and embryonic development is unknown. This investigation aimed to determine the impact of RIF on growth and embryonic developmental profile in the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. Experimental groups included controls, which were kept in normal water for 21 days, whereas those in the second, third, and fourth groups were exposed to 50, 200, and 500 mg RIF/L water, respectively. The food intake rate and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) showed a concentration-dependent significant decrease in RIF-treated fish compared with controls, and a strong positive correlation was found between food consumption and SGR. A significant decrease in the number of embryos at an early stage of development and the total number of embryos in RIF-treated fish was associated with several congenital anomalies such as lack of vitellogenin accumulation, yolk sac regression, decreased pigmentation, aggregations of blood vessels, and curvature of the spinal cord compared with controls. Together, these results reveal for the first time that RIF treatment not only impacts feeding and growth, but also exerts potential teratogenic effect on embryonic developmental stages in the mosquitofish G. affinis.

Background : Epicardial fat thickness and HBA1C level are usefull independent indicator for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetus mellitus respectively10,9 .studies on the correlation between HBA1C level and epicardial fat thickness in coronary artery disease are limited .Hence we aim to evaluate the correlation of HBA1C and epicardial fat thickness in acute coronary syndrome. Objective : The Target of this work was to investigate correlation link between HBA1C and epicardial fat thickness in acute coronary syndrome. Methodology : 123 patient of coronary artery syndrome .Electrocardiogram (ECG), Epicardial fat pad thickness was measured using transthoracic echocardiogram and glycosylated haemogloblin (HBA1C),fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting total cholesterol were documented . waist circumference (WC) ,Hip circumference (HC) were measured ,And Body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR)were calculated . Results : Total of 123 patient who fulfilled the criteria were taken into this studies. # - as these are normally distributed attributes, hence Pearsons r value has been used interpret correlation. All other attributes have used Spearmans correlation, the correlation between HBA1C level and epicardial fat thickness spearmans correlation r correlation analysis was performed .as shown in table 1 , (r value 0.402) with p value <0,001 shows strong relationship Conclusion : In acute coronary syndrome , HBA1C level were high with increasing epicardial fat thickness .This suggestive of epicardial thickness moderate correlation between HBA1C level.