Repetitive sequences occupy more than 40% of the human genome which is much larger compared to the 2% occupied by the coding DNA. Amongst these Alu elements are the second largest class of repeats, occupying nearly 10% of the whole genome. Alus have been implicated in many genomic processes, sometimes giving rise to aberrations while many times playing as silent player in genomic and regulatory evolution. Here we present a web server, AF1, exclusively developed for finding Alu like elements. Besides alignment based methodology, this server utilizes probabilistic scanning to find more diverged elements and employs a more precise way of element classification based on unequal weighting of sequence through sequence encoding.AvailabilityAF1 is freely available at http://software.iiar.res.in/af1/. The standalone is also available for download.

Ad hoc networks are characterized by multihop wireless connectivity, frequently changing network topology and the need for efficient dynamic routing protocols. I compare the performance of two prominent on demand routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks—Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV). We demonstrate that even though DSR and AODV share similar on-demand behaviour, the differences in the protocol mechanics can lead to significant performance differentials. The AODV out-perform DSR in the normal situation but in the constrained situation DSR out-performs AODV, the degradation is as severe as (30%) in AODV whereas DSR degrades marginally (10%) as observed through simulation [7].

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At present, there are large quantities of domain specific agriculture databases are available and farmers are accessing these data, in addition many agricultural information systems are also exchanging data; It could be broadly used if databases and computer programs were friendly-user and accessible through Internet in any platform. The Documents XML (extensible markup language) are being widely used for the storage and exchange of data and XSLT documents (extensible stylesheet language transformation) are being developed for transforming XML documents. Through XML the exchange of data during application and documentation processes, such as agricultural supports, traceability, and quality assurance are simplified and automated, so once entered into the system, is available for all data exchanges and efficiency of data processing is improved for all involved in agricultural production.

Variant of RSA - Multi prime RSA that is backwards compatible that is a system using multi prime RSA can interoperate with systems using standard RSA and this variant is used to speed up RSA decryption.