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ABSTRACT-The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of cadmium chloride on Histoarchiteceture of head kidney of fresh water fish Heteropneustes fossilis. The fishes were exposed to 0.5 ppm of cadmium chloride for 21 days. The most remarkable changes in head kidney, due to cadmium chloride were lysed condition of interrenal and chromaffin cells. The traces of cytoplasm had dark brown to black coloured cytoplasm. Most of cells are deformed and necrotic condition. Their size was significant at (P< 0.01 and 0.001) increased after cadmium chloride. All these changes will be recovered by herbal compound i.e. Ashwagandha. The damaged tissues were recovered in already treated group.

The effect of cadmium chloride on nucleus preopticus in Heteropneustes fossilis was analysed histologicalyl. Fish when treated with cadmium chloride of 0.5 ppm for 7,14, and 21 days exhibited degeneration, hypertrophy, reduced neurosecretory material and vacuolization in NPO. Their size was signifi cantly (p<0.001) increased after cadmium chloride exposure. In ashawagandha recovery group, these nuclei displayed a gradual reorganization in structural detail and size. Recovery by a herbal compaund ashawagandha exhibited reduced hypertrophy and vacuolization in NPO.