Psilocybin, a substance mainly found in mushrooms of the genus psilocybe, has been historically used for ritualistic, recreational and, more recently, medicinal purposes. The scientific literature suggests low toxicity, low risk of addiction, overdose, or other causes of injury commonly caused by substances of abuse, with growing interest in the use of this substance for conditions such as treatment-resistant depression. However, the presence of negative outcomes linked to psilocybin use is not clear yet. The objective of this study is to investigate the negative effects of psilocybin consumption, according to the users' own perception through self-reports extracted from an online platform. 346 reports were analyzed with the assistance of the IRAMUTEQ textual analysis software, adopting the procedures of Descending Hierarchical Classification, Correspondence Factor Analysis and Specificities Analysis. The text segments were grouped in 4 main clusters, describing thinking distortions, emergencies, perceptual alterations and the administration of the substance. Bad trips were more frequent in female users, being associated with thinking distortions. The use of multiple doses of psilocybin in the same session or its combination with other substances was linked to the occurrence of long-term negative outcomes, while the use of mushrooms in single high doses was linked to medical emergencies. These results can be useful for a better understanding of the effects of psilocybin use, guiding harm-reduction initiatives.

A história da Psicologia é marcada por uma crise de cientificidade. Em muitos domínios da área, há indiferença e até antipatia relacionada à prática científica. O presente estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento e as propriedades psicométricas de uma Escala de Atitude em Relação à Ciência na Psicologia (EARC-P). A EARC-P avalia como os estudantes e profissionais da Psicologia pensam, como se sentem e buscam se comportar em relação à ciência na Psicologia. Após procedimentos de refinamento, utilizando técnicas de análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, a escala final ficou composta por 41 itens divididos em uma estrutura de dois fatores: Iniciativa Pessoal e Crenças e Afetos, com adequados índices de ajuste. Foi demonstrado que os níveis de atitude em relação à ciência se relacionam com necessidade de desenvolvimento pessoal e necessidade de conhecimento, bem como com o fator de personalidade conscienciosidade. Evidências iniciais sugerem adequação da EARC-P para uso no contexto brasileiro. Palavras-chave: atitude em relação à ciência; psicologia científica; psicometria; evidência de validade. ABSTRACT-Development and Validation of an Attitude Scale in Relation to Science in Psychology The history of psychology is marked by a crisis of scientification. In many domains within the field there is indifference and even antipathy related to scientific practice. The present study presents the development and psychometric properties of an Attitude Scale in Relation to Science in Psychology (ASRS-P). The ASRS-P assesses how students and professionals in psychology think, feel and seek to behave in relation to science in psychology. After refinement procedures using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis techniques, the final scale was composed of 41 items divided into a two-factor structure: Personal Initiative, and Beliefs and Affects, with adequate adjustment indexes. It has been shown that attitudes in relation to science relate to a need for personal development, a need for knowledge, as well as the personality factor Conscientiousness. Initial evidence suggests adequacy of the ASRS-P for use in the Brazilian context.

RESUMO A positividade refere-se à disposição do indivíduo para avaliar positivamente os diversos aspectos da vida. Estudos demonstram os efeitos benéficos da positividade na vida das pessoas em diversos domínios, incluindo a performance no trabalho e nas relações sociais. Na adolescência, a positividade apresenta-se como um importante fator de proteção para o desenvolvimento saudável. O presente estudo apresenta evidências iniciais de validade da Escala de Positividade (EP) para uma amostra de 638 adolescentes brasileiros (67,7 % do sexo feminino; idade média=15,19; DP=2,40). Análises fatoriais exploratória e confirmatória indicaram solução unifatorial para a EP, corroborando sua estrutura original. A validade convergente foi evidenciada por meio de correlações positivas moderadas entre a EP e os indicadores de esperança, otimismo, autoestima e saúde mental. Este estudo amplia as evidências de validade da EP no contexto brasileiro e oferece uma nova ferramenta para os estudos da Psicologia Positiva desenvolvidos com adolescentes. Palavras-chave: psicologia positiva, adolescentes, positividade, evidência de validade. ABSTRACT-Positivity Scale: initial validity evidence for Brazilian adolescents Positivity refers to an individual's willingness to positively evaluate various aspects of life. Studies demonstrate the beneficial effects of positivity on people's lives in various domains, including work performance and social relationships. In adolescence, positivity is an important protective factor for healthy development. This study presents initial validity evidence of the Positivity Scale (PS) for a sample of 638 Brazilian adolescents (67.7% female, mean age=15.19, SD=2.40). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated a single factor solution for PS, corroborating its original structure. Convergent validity was evidenced by moderate positive correlations between PS and indicators of hope, optimism, self-esteem, and mental health. This study expands the validity evidence of PS in the Brazilian context and offers a new tool for the studies of Positive Psychology developed with adolescents.

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Background: Bullying is a complex social phenomenon, which is common in peer relationships and is influenced by different individual and contextual characteristics. Despite broad knowledge on the importance of the family for children's development, many studies about bullying neglect the family's active role. In that sense, investigating caregivers' conception about bullying can be an important strategy to promote effective interventions. The objective in this study was to analyze the caregivers' conception on the phenomenon of bullying, specifically regarding its occurrence, motivations, and risks for the children's development, and verify if this conception is consistent with the findings of the international literature. The study participants were 401 caregivers (77.1% were mothers) of children in elementary education at Brazilian schools. An online questionnaire was used with closed questions and an open question on what the caregivers considered bullying. The data were analyzed based on descriptive statistics and quantitative textual analysis. Results: Caregivers have good knowledge on signs and forms of coping with bullying. On the other hand, they tend not to recognize their children as potential aggressors and do not mention the family's role as a risk factor for the occurrence of this type of problem. Conclusions: The results allowed us to understand what Brazilian caregivers think about bullying and how they act or would act towards situations of bullying and reveals a relevant gap on this comprehension.