The article is devoted to the current state and analysis of factors affecting the use of alternative energy sources on a global scale. There is a constant growth in volumes energy consumption, which is associated with the stability of the global economy, increasing costs for heating and cooling in various parts of the world. At the same time in the most densely populated areas (China, India), coal accounts for up to 80 % of the energy balance, which leads to an increase in CO2 emissions. In this regard, the article notes the need to switch to the use of alternative energy sources (wind, solar, hydro, geothermal and biomass, nuclear energy). The article analysis the current state of energy sources in developed countries according to statistics for 2018. The authors concludes that the growth rate of renewable energy resources is insufficient, despite their advantage over traditional sources. In this regard, the factors affecting the efficiency of renewable energy sources were summarized. In addition, the article identifies barriers that prevent the acceleration of the rate of replacing traditional energy sources with RES. At the same time, state support measures and relevant legislative acts play a special role in stimulating and attracting the necessary investments.

The study aims to build a model for evaluating the effectiveness of activities and the effectiveness of financial investments in hightech industries in Kazakhstan. The development of high-tech industries plays an important role in the economic growth of a country. In this regard, it is relevant to study the effectiveness of financing the most important industry in Kazakhstan. The development of the high-tech sector ensures the efficient functioning of the national innovation system. High-tech enterprises are one of the competitive sectors that allow us to develop and implement leading-edge innovations with the goal of their subsequent commercialization domestically and abroad. The author defines the multicriteria of efficiency in a knowledge-based economy associated with achieving an economic effect with multivariate correlation of results with costs. A multivariate dynamic model, an integral indicator of performance, an integral indicator of cost-effectiveness is proposed. The assessment of the effectiveness of financial costs and performance indicators in all regions of Kazakhstan have the positive dynamics of indicators, as well as a high economic effect. The results of the study can be applied in regional management to adequately assess the effectiveness of high-tech organizations and the effectiveness of financial investments, contribution to ensuring the economic security of the region.

The digitalization of the economy has become one of the modern concepts in many countries and added urgency for governments to embark on a new path for effective digital and data governance. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of public administration of the digital economy in Kazakhstan, focusing on the policies, regulations, and strategies implemented by the government to support the development of this sector. The paper also explores the challenges faced by the government and the private sector in implementing these policies and regulations, including issues related to infrastructure, human capital, and the regulatory environment. It uses interdisciplinary, analytical, and systemic approaches, as well as desk research, analysis of materials of international organizations, and analysis of legal documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan and data from expert surveys. Thus, the results indicate the main scientific categories of the digital economy. Modern trends in the development of the digital economy in the world and the Republic of Kazakhstan have been identified. The results also show key performance indicators of public administration, assess the effectiveness of public administration of the digital economy in Kazakhstan, and offer directions for improving the efficiency of public administration of the digital economy. The study concludes by offering recommendations for policymakers to enhance the effectiveness of public administration of the digital economy in Kazakhstan.