Energy, especially fossil fuels, plays an important role in ensuring economic growth and improving people's quality of life. Carbon dioxide emissions produced by fossil fuels is regarded as one of the main factors of global climate change. Although there are different opinions towards the issue of global warming, international communities have made substantial efforts in reducing national and global carbon dioxide emissions. However, low carbon development has been advocated by many countries as a new development model. Low carbon development is defined as utilizing less carbon to promote economic growth in the future. In our age of the increasing importance of climate change, low carbon development is a new form of sustainable development. The ultimate aim of low carbon development is to achieve environmental, economic and social sustainable development. In this context, country comparisons obtained by evaluation of low carbon development indicators are important. In this study, low carbon development levels of European Union countries and Turkey were evaluated by Grey Relational Analysis, which is a multiple criteria decision-making approach.

Nowadays, Multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques are widely used to solve decision problems. In this study, current usage of two of the outranking-based MCDM techniques, namely ELECTRE (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité) and PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations), is examined in detail. In order to find the usage of those mentioned techniques, the scientific studies carried out in 2016 and the first four months of 2017 are investigated via Google Scholar. For this reason, it is aimed that by showing the contemporary trends of ELECTRE and PROMETHEE, the results will create an understanding of how the techniques might be used in the future. The survey of the studies shows that the application areas of ELECTRE and PROMETHEE have a great diversification. The studies on the two techniques show that the researchers made some adjustments on ELECTRE and PROMETHEE in order to answer the problems posed in their research questions. A specially, in this study, it has been seen that some remarkable modern methods were included in the problem solving process such as to evaluate according to different scenarios, usage of metaheuristics for complex decisions, hesitant fuzzy implementations, proliferation of group decision preference, an increase on hybrid techniques, the change in the number of software used, big data usage, sensitivity analyses and finally two linguistic approaches taking an importance in fuzzification. Keywords:Multi Criteria Decision Making, ELECTRE, PROMETHEE, Literature Review ELECTRE ve PROMETHEE'nin Güncel Uygulama Alanları: Bir Alanyazın Taraması ÖZGünümüzde çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) teknikleri, karar problemlerinin çözümünde oldukça yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ÇKKV tekniklerinin üstünlük tabanlı sınıfında yer alan ELECTRE (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité) ve PROMETHEE'nin (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) güncel kullanım alanları incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda 2016 yılı ve 2017 yılı ilk dört ayında gerçekleştirilen çalışmalar Google Scholar yardımıyla taranmıştır. Böylelikle ELECTRE ve PROMETHEE'nin gelişimindeki son durumun ortaya konulması ve gelecekteki uygulama biçim ve alanları hakkında fikir verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tarama neticesinde, ELECTRE ve PROMETHEE'nin uygulama alanlarının çok çeşitli olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmalarda, araştırma probleminin çözümüne yönelik ELECTRE ve PROMETHEE'nin tasarımında değişiklikler yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca senaryo farklılaşmalarına göre değerlendirme yapılması, metasezgiseller ile karmaşık karar problemlerinin çözülmesi, kararsız bulanık uygulamalarının yaygınlaşması, grup kararı tercihinin artması, hibrit tekniklerin uygulama sayısının fazlalaşması, kullanılan yazılımlar, büyük verilerle çözümleme yapılması, duyarlılık analizleri, bulanıklaştırmada iki dilsel yaklaşımının önemli yer edinmesi dikkat çekici sonuçlar olarak tespit edilmiştir.