In this study, the effects of openings left on shear walls on frame behaviour were investigated. In this context, 5 models were determined to achieve 5 different free column lengths by keeping the frame/shear wall height ratio constant. Frames with 5 different shear wall heights are modelled using C# software language via SAP2000 OAPI. Analyses were made by adding wing walls with 1 cm increments to the openings which causing short column formation. The analyses were continued from the frame without wing wall to the filled frame. Thus behavioural change graphs based on the wing wall length of the frames were obtained. During the modelling, 1 cm2 mesh size has been selected for the force transfer between the wing wall and shear wall can be achieved correctly. Change of the displacement values and the internal forces in the sections where short column formation is expected are recorded with high precision. A total of 750 different analyses were performed in this context. As a result of these analyses, it was seen that the lateral displacement capacity decreased nonlinearly and the probability of short column formation increased due to the shortening of the free column length.

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Öz Türkiye'de tarihi ve kültürel değeri olan birçok yapı bulunmaktadır. Bu yapılar farklı zaman ve kültürlerin birikim ve tekniklerini yansıtmaları bakımından büyük önem taşımaktadırlar. Günümüz teknolojisi ile inşa edilen betonarme ve çelik yapıların performansının gelişmiş sayısal metotlarla ayrıntılı olarak ortaya koymak mümkündür. Lakin tarihi yığma yapıların içerdiği süreksizlikler ve değişen malzeme özelliklerinden dolayı yapısal performansının belirlenmesinde ve yorumlanmasında zorluklarla karşılaşılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; Bayburt ili merkezinde bulunan, 1944-1947 yılları arasında inşa edilen, Korkut Ata Lisesi'nin yapım tekniği, malzeme özellikleri ve konum özellikleri hakkında bilgiler derlenmiştir. Yapıda gözlemlenen mevcut problemler belirlenmiştir. StatiCAD-Yığma programı kullanılarak 2007 Deprem Yönetmeliği ve 2013 Riskli Yapılar Yönetmeliği esasları dikkate alınarak yapının performans analizini yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan analizlere paralel olarak taşıyıcı sistemin yapısal performansı değerlendirilmiştir.

The main purpose of shear walls in reinforced concrete structures is to resist the lateral forces affecting the structure. However, the openings created for architectural reasons significantly change the behaviour of the shear wall and cause short column formation and sudden collapse of the structure due to the openings on them. In this study, opening shear walls were analysed analytically. Twenty-nine different frames were selected and analysed according to predetermined parameters such as frame height, frame spacing, shear wall thickness, opening/frame height ratio, concrete flexibility, modulus and moment of inertia of frame columns. In this context, a total of 5200 linear elastic analyses were performed. The analysis was carried out on seven different parameters. As a result of the analysis, it has been found that there is a non-linear relationship between the opening width and the stresses in the columns, and a nonlinear relationship is predicted that it can directly trigger short column formation.