No abstract

In this study, we analyzed and compared the concentrations of selected metals/metalloids and the antioxidant response of Salix alba L. (white willow) bark in the highly polluted area around the Kosovo A and B thermal power plants. The antioxidant capacity of Salix alba bark was evaluated in terms of the total phenolics, flavonoids, chlorophylls, and carotenoids, while the metal content in the soil and willow bark was analyzed by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy). For total antioxidant level assessment, FRAP, DPPH, and CUPRAC assays were conducted. The mean concentrations of selected elements in soil and willow dry mass range from 15,698.4 mg kg−1 dry mass (soil) to 371.1 mg kg−1 (willow bark) for Al; 37.676 mg kg−1 (soil) to <2 ppb (willow bark) for As; 14.8 mg kg−1 (soil) to 0.62 mg kg−1 (willow bark) for Cd; 24.2 mg kg−1 (soil) to 1.2 mg kg−1 (willow bark) for Cr; 58.8 mg kg−1 (soil) to 9.1 mg kg−1 (willow bark) for Cu; 16,975.68 mg kg−1 (soil) to 385.4 mg kg−1 (willow bark) for Fe; 95.0 mg kg−1 (soil) to 7.9 mg kg−1 (willow bark) for Ni; 185.2 mg kg−1 (soil) to <1 ppb (willow bark) for Pb; and 226.7 mg kg−1 (soil) to 87.7 mg kg−1 (willow bark) for Zn. Additionally, the Salix alba bark samples presented mean values of 12,191.6 mg kg−1 for Ca, 1306.0 mg kg−1 for Mg, and 123.1363 mg kg−1 for Mn. The mean phenolic content was 39.292 mg GAE g−1 DW, being 28.222 mg CE g−1 DW for flavonoids, 38.099 mg g−1 FW for CHLa, 49.240 mg g−1 FW for CHLb, and 94.976 mg g−1 FW for CAR. The results of this study indicate that the bark of Salix alba contains significant amounts of phenolic compounds, and strong positive and moderate negative correlations are revealed between total phenolic compounds and iron, and total phenolics and nickel and manganese, respectively.

No abstract

Helleborus sp. are healing plants from the family Ranunculaceae. The aim of this paper is to consider ethnopharmacology and the toxicity of the hellebores which is focused on a detailed research of the value of phytochemicals, as pharmacological attributes of phytomedicine herbs. The data is based on active components. Also, this paper presents the chemical composition of the root in the overall effect of the drug, as well as the importance of the hellebores in pharmacy. It shows a wide range of pharmacological effects such as cardiotonic, immunostimulative, antibacterial, antitumor, diuretic, and emetic. Helleborus odorus Waldst. et Kit. is rich with secondary metabolites such as bufadenolides, flavonoids, phenolic heterozids. With this research it was concluded that these plants have great significance and great application in the formulation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Keywords: Helleborus sp., phytomedicine, folk medicinal uses, cardiotonic, toxicity, hellebore

No abstract