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This study examined the relationship between teachingresearch conflict and job burnout among university teachers and the moderating role of perceived supervisor support (PSS) and psychological capital (PsyCap) in this relationship. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from a convenience sample of 488 university teachers in China. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the moderating role of PSS and PsyCap in the relationship between teaching-research conflict and job burnout. The results showed that (a) teaching-research conflict was positively linked to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization but negatively linked to personal accomplishment, (b) PSS moderated the effects of teaching-research conflict on both emotional exhaustion and depersonalization but did not act as a moderator in the relationship between teachingresearch conflict and personal accomplishment, and (c) PsyCap moderated the effect of teaching-research conflict on all three dimensions of job burnout.