Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the basic pathological process of many degenerative diseases of the spine, characterized by series of symptoms, among which low back pain (LBP) is the most common symptom that patients suffer a lot, which not only makes patients and individual families bear a huge pain and psychological burden, but also consumes a lot of medical resources. IDD is usually thought to be relevant with various factors such as genetic predisposition, trauma and aging, and IDD progression is tightly relevant with structural and functional alterations. IDD processes are caused by series of pathological processes, including oxidative stress, matrix decomposition, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, abnormal proliferation, cell senescence, autophagy as well as sepsis process, among which the oxidative stress and inflammatory response are considered as key link in IDD. The production and clearance of ROS are tightly connected with oxidative stress, which would further simulate various signaling pathways. The phenotype of disc cells could change from matrix anabolism-to matrix catabolism- and proinflammatory-phenotype during IDD. Recent decades, with the relevant reports about oxidative stress and inflammatory response in IDD increasing gradually, the mechanisms researches have attracted much more attention. Consequently, this study focused on the indispensable roles of the oxidative stress and inflammatory response (especially macrophages and cytokines) to illustrate the origin, development, and deterioration of IDD, aiming to provide novel insights in the molecular mechanisms as well as significant clinical values for IDD.

Pneumatic lifting pump, as one of the ideal new methods for mining and upgrading, has obvious advantages such as simple structure, safety and reliability. The research of it has important scientific value and engineering significance. Based on Fluent simulation software, using Euler model and SST k-ω turbulence model, with the help of UDF self-programming, the influence of variable air volumes-linear opening, linearly closing on the hydraulic characteristics of the air-water lifting pump is discussed. The results are shown as follows. 1) In the slow linear opening mode of the gas flow, the liquid lifting flow increases, the change trend of it is slower than that of fast linear closing mode. 2) In the slow linear closing mode of the gas flow, the liquid lifting flow reduces, the change trend of it is slower than that of fast linear closing mode. These research results will lay the theoretical foundation for the application of pneumatic lifting technology in river dredging, sewage treatment, oil extraction and other fields.

In order to study the influence of bubble size and distance on the interaction between bubbles, this paper discussed the rising movement characteristics of triple bubbles in static water based on Fluent software. By analyzing the rising track, flow fields and velocity of bubbles, the results show that, when bubble diameters are 4mm, 4mm, 4mm, the distance between the left bubble and the middle bubble is smaller than the minimum coalescence distance, and they coalesce. When bubble diameters are 6mm, 4mm, 4mm, the velocity and track of the small bubble at the bottom will be affected by the wake of the big bubble as the big bubble rises, but they do not coalesce. When bubble diameters are 2mm, 6mm, 2mm, the smaller bubbles on both sides are attracted by the middle bubble and they coalesce; there is almost no vertical rise or deviation process.

By using the . . Method, Return Period Method, Bankfull Discharge Method and the Effective Sediment Transport Discharge Method to the hydrological data of Ba River, the bed-building discharge has been calculated and made as flow conditions of river model experiment. Finally, it was applied to the model experiment about Ba River and the results was compared with the one of balance riverbed from the normal river model experiment made by Northwest Water Conservancy Science Research Institute in 2001. The result shows that 6 years working life of the reservoir of Ba-river No.B rubber dam being regime channel is agreed with that of the prototype. It indicates furthermore that the bed-building discharge used in this river model experiment is correct, and the . . Method, Return Period Method, the LuoMinxun formula of Bankfull Discharge Method has a better applicability to calculate bedbuilding discharge for Ba River.