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The photorefractive effect is demonstrated for the first time in ferroelectric lead germanate crystal (Pb5Ge3O11). An intensity coupling constant of Γ=2.3 cm−1 was measured at wavelength λ=514.5 nm in two-beam coupling experiments.

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Two distinct topics are discussed, but they relate to the same general field: transmission of high quality information through a diffuser. The first topic is forward transmission of images through a distortion medium. The second topic is two-way information transmission through a multimode fiber as a basis for a fiber optic sensor.