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Following the dramatic changes in the social andeconomic situation in Russian during the last decade, a population survey has been carried out to determine the possible lJIfIuence of thisinstabilityon the mental health of the elderly. 116S people over the age of 6S in the limited districtof Moscow were studied. 9S.2% were individuallyinterviewed on a door-to-door basis. A clinicalexamination similar to the psychogeriatric examination which took place in the 1970s was used together with geriatric anddiagnostic scales. Of 1109 subject who underwent psychiatric examination, 4.9% were diagnosed as demented; 2.3% had psychoses and42.6% displayed non-psychotic mental disorders includingcerebro-vascular psycho-organic (18.7%); sub-depressive (12.6%), personality disorders (S.4%), milddementia (S.6%)ete. Prevelence of mental disorders proved to be higher than in the survey carried out in the 1970s especially for non-psychotic disorders. Psychosis and moderate-severe dementa were about the same. The data obtained suggests that the prevalence of non-psychotic disorders have increased in the elderly which may be due to social and economic changes in Russian society.

In1996 over 47'000 refugees from former YugoslavIa (37% of allrefugees) stayed inSwitzerland. Many of them arc severallyIraumatozed. Theilway throughthe healthservice and Ireatmentfacilities on Switzerland will be outlined. Itis argued that this institutional setting results in lowefficacy

Following the dramatic changes in the social andeconomic situation in Russian during the last decade, a population survey has been carried out to determine the possible lJIfIuence of thisinstabilityon the mental health of the elderly. 116S people over the age of 6S in the limited districtof Moscow were studied. 9S.2% were individuallyinterviewed on a door-to-door basis. A clinicalexamination similar to the psychogeriatric examination which took place in the 1970s was used together with geriatric anddiagnostic scales. Of 1109 subject who underwent psychiatric examination, 4.9% were diagnosed as demented; 2.3% had psychoses and42.6% displayed non-psychotic mental disorders includingcerebro-vascular psycho-organic (18.7%); sub-depressive (12.6%), personality disorders (S.4%), milddementia (S.6%)ete. Prevelence of mental disorders proved to be higher than in the survey carried out in the 1970s especially for non-psychotic disorders. Psychosis and moderate-severe dementa were about the same. The data obtained suggests that the prevalence of non-psychotic disorders have increased in the elderly which may be due to social and economic changes in Russian society.