<p><span lang="EN-US">Nested neutral-point clamped multi level inverter with inter connection to grid through the synchronous reference frame (SRF) controller for synchronization of voltage to the grid is demonstrated. The system's main feature is that voltage stress in each inverter switching device is kept to a minimum, and redundant inverter switching states are utilised for neutral point and flying capacitor voltage balancing with sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique, synchronisation to grid voltages, and power injection with low harmonic generation. The inverter receives its input from a photovoltaic (PV) source that is coupled to DC-DC booster converters that are regulated by the maximum power point <span lang="EN-US">(MPP)</span> tracking incremental conductance algorithm to maintain a constant dc voltage. The system is examined under various load conditions with MATLAB/Simulink model.</span></p>

High performance applications are now days utilizing the brushless DC motor (BLDC) drives due to its ruggedness, compactness, high torque to weight ratio, high dynamic response etc. the feature of square-wave current excitation waveforms in BLDC motor drives allows some major system simplifications for trapezoidal BLDC motors. The developed torque is constant in ideal conditions in this motor when its back emf waveform is of trapezoidal type. Despite this, due to the physical construction of the motor and its settings, torque ripple exists in the output torque and is an undesired phenomenon in the BLDC motor drives and are also linked to the motor's control and driver sides. This paper provides a new way for reducing torque ripple and is simple, compact and cost effective. To prove the correctness of the compensation technique, circuit is modelled and simulations are carried to examine the theoretical performance of the BLDC motor drive. Experiments on a prototype drive were conducted to further validate the theoretical analysis as well as the utility of the proposed technique.

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