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Professional paperA successful example of sustainable waste management applicable to towns or regions with more than two hundred thousand inhabitants is discussed. Modern landfill with composting facility, mechanical biological treatment and energy utilization of waste in the town of Celje, Slovenia, covering the needs of 24 surrounding municipalities, is described in details. The advantages, but also some difficulties that were indicated during the operation of the system are shown. Applied processing technology significantly reduces waste, extracts secondary raw materials and uses waste as an energy source, so achieving a sustainable system for a number of years. According to this successful example, our aim is to encourage similar projects in Croatia as well. Keywords: composting; energy utilization; mechanical biological treatment; waste management Održivo gospodarenje otpadom s mehaničko biološkom obradom i energetskim iskorištavanjemStručni članak U radu se razmatra uspješan primjer održivog gospodarenja otpadom primjenjiv za gradove odnosno regije s dvjestotinjak i više tisuća stanovnika. Detaljno je opisano suvremeno odlagalište s kompostanom, mehaničko biološkom obradom i energetskim iskorištavanjem otpada u gradu Celju koje pokriva i potrebe 24 okolne općine. Ukazano je na prednosti, ali i neke poteškoće koje su se pokazale tijekom rada sustava. Ovo odlagalište primijenjenom tehnologijom obrade znatno smanjuje količinu otpada, izdvaja sekundarne sirovine te koristi otpad kao energent, čime se postiže održivi sustav za dulji niz godina. Želja nam je da se na temelju ovog uspješnog primjera potaknu slični projekti gospodarenja otpadom i u Hrvatskoj.

Subject rewiewMechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) of waste represents a series of mechanical and biological processes which have the purpose to reduce the amount of waste that is placed on a landfill. In accordance to the 'hierarchy of waste' defined by the EU Waste Framework Directive, waste disposal to landfill represents the least desirable option.Considering the MBT process, the input component is a Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and output components consist of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), compost and possibly the materials suitable for recycling.The quality of output components depends on the input waste composition.More efficient primary waste separation decreases capacity and complexity of MBT facilities.RDF offers possibility of energy recovery from the part of such separated fractions.MBT technology does not solve the problem of harmful substances residual in MSW narrowing the application of compost obtained by the biological treatment and requiring additional treatment of flue gases from RDF combustion. Comparison of the composition of untreated MSW and RDF obtained by the MBT process is also presented in the paper. Keywords: compost; MBT; RDF/SRF; waste hierarchy Fleksibilnost MBO postrojenjaPregledni članak Mehaničko biološka obrada otpada (MBO) predstavlja niz mehaničkih i bioloških postupaka koji imaju za svrhu smanjiti količinu otpada koji se odlaže na odlagalište što prema "hijerarhiji otpada" definiranoj Direktivom o otpadu (Waste Framework Directive) Europske Unije predstavlja najmanje poželjnu opciju zbrinjavanja otpada. Ulazna komponenta u MBO proces je kruti komunalni otpad (MSW), a izlazne komponente čine RDF gorivo, kompost i eventualno materijali pogodni za recikliranje. Kvaliteta izlaznih komponenti ovisi o ulaznom sastavu otpada. Učinkovito primarno razdvajanje otpada smanjuje potrebu za MBO kapacitetima. RDF nudi mogućnost energetske oporabe dijela izdvojenih frakcija. MBO tehnologije ne rješavaju problem štetnih tvari zaostalih u MSW, koje sužavaju primjenu komposta dobivenog biološkom obradom, a kod spaljivanja RDF-a zahtijevaju dodatne postupke obrade dimnih plinova. U radu je dana usporedba sastava neobrađenog MSW-a i RDF-a dobivenog odabranim MBO postupkom.