Lo más destacado:• Se propone un método de segmentación de mallas 3D enfocado a la representación de edificios históricos.• Se utiliza la teoría de grafos para modelar las características de las fachadas y poder encontrarlas automáticamente.• La metodología implementada es adecuada y puede utilizarse en técnicas de levantamiento arquitectónico 3D. Abstract:Advances in three-dimensional (3D) acquisition systems have introduced this technology to more fields of study, such as archaeology or architecture. In the architectural field, scanning a building is one of the first possible steps from which a 3D model can be obtained and can be later used for visualisation and/or feature analysis, thanks to computer-based pattern recognition tools. The automation of these tools allows for temporal savings and has become a strong aid for professionals, so that more and more methods are developed with this objective. In this article, a method for 3D mesh segmentation focused on the representation of historic buildings is proposed. This type of buildings is characterised by having singularities and features in façades, such as doors or windows. The main objective is to recognise these features, understanding them as those parts of the model that differ from the main structure of the building. The idea is to use a recognition algorithm for planar faces that allows users to create a graph showing the connectivity between them, therefore allowing the reflection of the shape of the 3D model. At a later step, this graph is matched against some pre-defined graphs that represent the patterns to look for. Each coincidence between both graphs indicate the position of one of the characteristics sought. The developed method has proved to be effective for feature detection and suitable for inclusion in architectural surveying applications.Keywords: segmentation; 3D meshes; graphs; pattern recognition; features Resumen:Los avances en los sistemas de adquisición tridimensionales (3D) han provocado que este tipo de tecnología se introduzca en cada vez más campos de estudio, como son la arqueología o la arquitectura. En el campo arquitectónico el escaneado de edificios constituye el primer paso con el que se obtienen modelos 3D que más tarde, pueden ser utilizados para la visualización y/o análisis de las características de los mismos edificios, gracias a herramientas informáticas de reconocimiento de patrones. La automatización de estas herramientas permite un ahorro temporal y supone una ayuda a los profesionales, por lo que cada vez más métodos se desarrollan con este objetivo. En este artículo se propone un método de segmentación de mallas 3D enfocado a la representación de edificios históricos. Este tipo de edificios se caracterizan por tener singularidades y elementos característicos en las fachadas, tales como puertas o ventanas. El objetivo principal consiste en reconocer estas características en los edificios, entendiéndose como tales aquellas partes del modelo que difieren de la estructura principal del mismo. La idea es utilizar un ...
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