Although deinstitutionalization of mentally retarded people has become established as a goal within the social service system, its continued momentum will depend on the careful planning of services for those now in institutions. This study, therefore, explored the physical and behavioral characteristics of a national sample of the mentally retarded in residential facilities to provide information on the needs that will have to be met by community policies and programs.

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Direct-care staff turnover has frequently been cited as a major problem in the management of both public and nonpublic residential facilities. This article reports on a follow-up study of over lo00 direct-care staff one year after an initial interview. Staff members were employees of facilities in a national, stratified random sample of public and nonpublic facilities. Demographic, experiential, job satisfaction, geographical, and institutional factors related to occupational status at the time of the follow-up are reported.

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