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To quantif' the ability of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system using an automatic target recognition (ATR) system to detect targets obscured by foliage, an ultra-wideband, UHF-band, polarimetric SAR was constructed by ERIM under ARPA funding and installed on a Navy P-3 aircraft controlled by the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC). The system was implemented as an upgrade to the existing X-, L-, and C-band SAR system already on this aircraft. A series of experiments funded by ARPA and Wright Laboratory were undertaken in 1995 to investigate foliage penetration (FOPEN).In this paper, the data and ground truth collected and their utility for investigations ofFOPEN phenomenology and AiR algorithms will be presented. These data are being placed into a database for distribution to AiR algorithm developers.The characteristics ofthe P-3 UWB SAR will be discussed. The image formation technique used (which is based on the omega-k technique for wide-band, wide-integration-angle data) will be presented, along with the RFI suppression techniques used. Ofparticular interest will be the technique used for the required motion compensation. Results from recent investigations using the P-3 UWB SAR data will be discussed.

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