Seven F1 strains of Aedes aegypti (L.) were evaluated by bottle bioassay for resistance to the pyrethroids d-phenothrin, permethrin, deltamethrin, λ-cyalothrin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin, α-cypermethrin and z-cypermethrin. The New Orleans strain was used as a susceptible control. Mortality rates after a 1h exposure and following a 24h recovery period were determined. The resistance ratio between the 50% knockdown values (RRKC50) of the F1 and New Orleans strains indicated high levels of knockdown resistance (kdr). The RRKC50 with α-cypermethrin varied from 10–100 among strains indicating high levels of kdr. Most of the strains had moderate resistance to d-phenothrin. Significant but much lower levels of resistance were detected for λ–cyalothrin, permethrin and cypermethrin. For z-cypermethrin and bifenthrin, only one strain exhibited resistance with RRKC50 values of 10- and 21-fold, respectively. None of the strains showed RRKC50 >10 with deltamethrin, and moderate resistance was seen in three strains, while the rest were susceptible. Mosquitoes from all strains exhibited some recovery from all pyrethroids except d-phenothrin. Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between RRLC50 and RRKC50. Both were highly correlated (R2 = 0.84 – 0.97) so that the slope could be used to determine how much additional pyrethroid was needed to insure lethality. Slopes ranged from 0.875 for d-phenothrin (RRLC50 ≃ RRKC50) to 8.67 for λ–cyalothrin (~8.5 fold more insecticide needed to kill). Both RRLC50 and RRKC50 values were highly correlated for all pyrethroids except bifenthrin indicating strong cross resistance. Bifenthrin appears to be an alternative pyrethroid without strong cross resistance that could be used as an alternative to the current widespread use of permethrin in Mexico.
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