Few research studies have evaluated the provision of pharmaceutical care in a defined population. Deficiencies identified by low CCSs demonstrated the need for quality research design and a clear description of the pharmaceutical care process to evaluate the impact of pharmaceutical care. Recommendations for improvement in research design were made.

Deprescribing involves reducing or stopping medications that are causing more harm than good or are no longer needed. It is an important approach to managing polypharmacy, yet healthcare professionals identify many barriers. We present a proposed pre-licensure competency framework that describes essential knowledge, teaching strategies, and assessment protocols to promote interprofessional deprescribing skills. The framework considers how to involve patients and care partners in deprescribing decisions. An action plan and example curriculum mapping exercise are included to help educators assess their curricula, and select and implement these concepts and strategies within their programs to ensure learners graduate with competencies to manage increasingly complex medication regimens as people age.

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Routine monitoring of serum liver enzyme concentrations is not recommended. However, patients should be instructed to watch for signs and symptoms of liver injury. Should they occur, patients should stop taking the ticlopidine and consult their physician immediately.

Background: Pneumonia is the eighth leading cause of death in Canada. Use of guideline-concordant therapy tempers the development of resistance, decreases health care costs, and reduces morbidity and mortality.