Among infants born weighing <1250 g and exclusively fed human milk, the use of HMBF did not improve feeding tolerance or reduce mortality and morbidity compared with BMBF. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02137473.

No abstract

Food ladders are clinical tools already widely used in Europe for food reintroduction in milk- and egg-allergic children. Previously developed milk and egg ladders have limited applicability to Canadian children due to dietary differences and product availability. Herein we propose a Canadian version of cow’s milk and egg food ladders and discuss the potential role that food ladders may have in the care of children with IgE-mediated allergies to cow’s milk and/or egg, as either a method of accelerating the acquisition of tolerance in those who would outgrow on their own, or as a form of modified oral immunotherapy in those with otherwise persistent allergy.

The records of 20 children with seizures who had cerebral tumor confirmed histologically between 1979 and 1989 have been reviewed. These patients represented 2.9% of all children presenting with seizures. Forty percent were aged 15 months or younger, all of whom presented with partial seizures. Initial misdiagnosis of seizures occurred in 25% of these infants. Examination was normal in 75% of the study group. Behavior disturbance was present in 50%, with deterioration occurring in 60% of these. Electroencephalograms revealed focal abnormalities in 62% and generalized abnormalities in 25% when performed. Cranial ultrasound was performed in two cases, with false-negative results. Computed tomographic scan findings were not diagnostic of tumor in 40%. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of tumor in all children in whom it was performed. Tumors most frequently involved the temporal lobes (55%) and the frontal lobes (40%). Surgical intervention resulted in considerable improvement in seizure control in 75%. Surgery is useful in the control of tumor-related seizures and should be considered early in the treatment of this disorder. Suspicion of tumor should increase when seizures are partial or refractory, particularly if intelligence and physical examination are normal or if there is progressive deterioration in behavior. The most appropriate type of brain imaging is magnetic resonance imaging scan.