Simultaneous introduction of two different palladium (pre)catalysts, one tuned to promote oxidative addition to (hetero)aryl bromide and another to activate terminal alkyne substrate, leads to productive Pd−Pd transmetalation, subsequent reductive elimination, and formation of disubstituted alkyne. This conceptually novel rational design of copper-free Sonogashira reaction enabled facile identification of the reaction conditions, suitable for the synthesis of alkyl, aryl, and heteroaryl substituted alkynes at room temperature with as low as 0.125 mol % total Pd loading.
The high frequency of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) emergence renders this group of new psychoactive compounds particularly demanding in terms of detection, identification, and responding. Without the available reference material, one of the specific problems is differentiation and structure elucidation of constitutional isomers. Herein, we report a simple and efficient flow chart diagram applicable for a rapid nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) identification and differentiation between azaindoles, 4‐, 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐azaindole, which is a common structural motif of synthetic cannabinoids. The flow chart diagram is based on 1H NMR and 1H–15N NMR spectra, and to prove the concept, it has been tested on 5F‐MDMB‐P7AICA (1). Spectral and analytical data including standard 1D and 2D NMR spectra, gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS), Fourier transform infrared−attenuated total reflectant (FTIR−ATR), Raman, melting point, and combustion analysis are provided for compound 1.
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