Sheep production has expanded in Brazil focusing on lamb meat, mostly to meet demanding internal markets in the state of São Paulo. Such markets present a demand which internal production is insufficient to meet. However, sheep farmers face many technical difficulties to produce quality lambs at viable costs. This study aimed at investigating the main characteristics of sheep production systems of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in order to provide resources for the development of technologies, policies and other initiatives focused on the activity. We designed in panel meetings the characteristics of representative sheep farms in five regions of the state, concerning: (i) property and manpower profile; (ii) flock; (iii) handling techniques; (iv) facilities and equipment; (v) food production; and (vi) technical indicators. Results demonstrate that the predominant sheep farming in the state employs low technology, presenting low productivity despite its evolution in recent years. We verified great technical deficiency regarding farmers, who are new in this business and usually do not have access to technologies. Producers' unawareness about basic handling procedures and techniques as well as their lack of flock records can contribute to the activity's unsustainability. There is need for improving rural extension and diffusion of technologies.

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Agradeço primeiramente a Deus. A minha esposa Ana Paula pelo total apoio. Aos meus pais pelo grande apoio em mais uma etapa. Ao Professor Dr. Francisco José Tôrres de Aquino, pela firme orientação e conselhos. Ao Professor Dr. Roberto Chang por sua co-orientação. Ao Professor Dr. Evandro Afonso do Nascimento, por suas valiosas contribuições e discussões dos resultados nas análise dos óleos essenciais por CG-EM.