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This chapter primarily targets project developers and managers. Apart from the public policies and initiatives, as well as the private financial schemes previously presented, private actions emanating from the persons behind clean energy access projects have also a crucial role to play in the allocation of capital. Capital providers, profit-oriented or not, usually value the way a business is conducted, including how potential risks are managed as well as the capacities of the team to deal with complex situations.

The objective of this chapter is to provide the reader with an overall view of the current situation regarding clean energy access in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as to compare it with other developing and emerging economies. It focuses on the role played by energy in our daily lives and the financing gaps in the power and clean cooking sectors in the subcontinent. This section aims at setting the scene and giving more information about the dramatic energy challenges the region is currently facing.

This chapter focuses on instruments aimed at mitigating specific investment risks, including political, credit, currency and liquidity risks. It explores solutions emanating from both the public and private sectors.