Highlights There are limited number of studies analyzing viral load in COVID19 patients and any data that compare viral load to chest computerized tomography (CT) severity. There are limited number of studies that give the amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in clinical specimens by reporting cycle threshold (Ct) value for RT-PCR. The total stress score (TSS) was suggested to quantify pulmonary inflammation and correlate to the clinical classifications. TSS is a quantification method to score the severity of inflammation on CT images based on summing up degree of acute lung inflammation lesions involvement of each lobe (including ground-glass opacity or consolidation or other fuzzy interstitial opacities). To our knowledge, this is the first study that analyse TSS of chest CT and Ct values of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in both hospitalised and outpatients.

A case of a 55-year-old female with arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the choroid plexus within the right ventricle is reported. Arteriovenous malformation of the choroid plexus is a rare occurrence. The MR findings of this malformation are discussed.

Small bowel obstruction caused by myeloid sarcoma in a patient with any hematological abnormality is very rare. Myeloid sarcoma occurs most commonly in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and less with other hematological disorders. A 57-year-old female presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. Radiological studies showed concentric bowel thickening in distal ileum that caused nearly total luminal compromise and signs of obstruction in proximal ileal bowel loops. She underwent laparotomic surgery and ileal resection was done. Diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma was made by histopathological examination of surgical specimens. Bone marrow biopsy was done to rule out systemic acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Results of bone marrow biopsy were within normal limits. Finally, the patient was diagnosed as de novo myeloid sarcoma. Although the histopathological examination makes a definitive diagnosis, imaging allows to locate the lesion, evaluate its complications, and guide for correct biopsy. Accurate diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma has important prognostic value as transformation to AML can happen without chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation.

The distinction between tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis is extremely difficult in patients with omental cake appearance on computed tomography and elevated CA-125 level. A 21-year-old female presented with abdominal distention, diarrhea, nausea, fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Serum CA-125 level was 563 U/L (normal range: <35 U/L) and other tumor markers were within normal range. Radiologic studies showed massive ascites, smooth minimal thickening and increased contrast enhancement of peritoneum, omental nodularities, hepatomegaly, and right pleural effusion. No underlying malignancy that could cause this condition was detected clinically and radiologically. Ultrasound-guided omental tru-cut biopsy was performed to exclude carcinomatosis peritonei. Histopathologic examination showed small-medium-sized granulomas with caseous necrosis. Molecular microbiology tests of biopsy specimens confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis. In conclusion, tuberculous peritonitis should be in differential diagnosis of a patient with ascites, omental nodularities and elevated serum CA-125 levels.

Background This study aimed to reveal the differences between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections and non-COVID-19 respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients. Methods Sixty pediatric patients admitted to the hospital between March 11, 2020 and April 15, 2020 with respiratory tract infections were evaluated retrospectively. Among them, 20 patients with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests and chest computed tomography (CT) examinations were included in the study. According to the RT-PCR test results, the patients were divided into the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups. The clinical observations, laboratory results, and radiological features from the two groups were then compared. Results According to the RT-PCR test results, 12 patients were assigned to the COVID-19 group and 8 to the non-COVID-19 group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of clinical or laboratory features. In terms of radiological features, the presence of bronchiectasis and peribronchial thickening was statistically significantly higher in the non-COVID-19 group (P = 0.010 and P = 0.010, respectively). Conclusions In pediatric cases, diagnosing COVID-19 using radiological imaging methods plays an important role in determining the correct treatment approach by eliminating the possibility of other infections.