There are several ways by which organic compounds can interact with Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA), including covalent bonding, electrostatic binding or intercalation. Intercalation occurs when the compound (ligand) of appropriate size and chemical nature fit between base pairs of DNAs [1,2]. In order for an intercalator to fit between base pairs, they must consist of planar polycyclic aromatic rings, and the DNA must dynamically open a space between its base pairs by unwinding [3]. The ability of intercalating agents to inhibit DNA replication and nucleic acid synthesis in vivo leads to their extensive use as mutagens, antibiotics, antibacterials, trypanocides, schistosomicides, and antitumor agents. The intercalative binding is non-covalent stacking interaction resulting from the insertion of a planar aromatic ring(s) between the base pairs of the DNA double helix [4,5]. Many classes of organic compounds have been reported to possess good DNA intercalating activity. Among these agents, Schiff's bases (imines) showed a large range of biological activities including antiviral, antibacterial, antiproliferative, antifungal, and antimalarial activities [6-8].
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