Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana praktik jual beli durian dengan sistem mangalli lulung yang ada di Dusun Indoapping, (2) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana pandangan hukum Islam terhadap praktik jual beli dengan sistem mangalli lulung yang terjadi di Dusun Indoapping.Lokasi penelitian ini bertempat di Dusun Indoapping. Yang menjadi alasan tempat ini dijadikan tempat penelitian ialah, karena tempat ini terjadi traksaksi jual beli buah durian dengan sistem Mangalli Lulung. Penulisan ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan yaitu dengan cara terjun langsung kelapangan/lokasi penelitian. Teknik pengumpuan data dengan observasi, wawancara,dan dokumentasi. Adapun data dari penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder yang kemudian dianalisi dengan metode analisa deskripsif kualitatif.Dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh di lapangan dapat disimpulkan bahwa praktik jual beli buah durian dengan sistem Mangalli Lulung yaitu penjual menjual buah di Pohon, Buah yang hampir matang atau yang sudah matang. Akad yang di gunakan secara langsung berhadap-hadapan tanpa hitam diatas putih. Dalam melakukan paraktik jual beli yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat yang tidak sesuai dengan agama,dalam objek, subjek akad sudah terpenuhi akan tetapi dalam Islam ada sesuatu yang dilarang yakni jual beli ijon yaitu jual beli buah-buahan yang masih berada di pohon, hal ini dilarang karena bisa menyebabkan salah satu pihak mengalami kerugian, dan dalam sabda Nabi Muhammad sudah menjelaskan bagaimana jual beli ijon tersebut dilarang karena adanya unsur Gharar, karena Gharar adalah salah satu jual beli yang terlarang sebab Ma’qud Alaih (Barang Jualan)

Chronic kidney disease is a preventable high-burden disease. Several risk factors for impaired kidney function have been identified, including lifestyles, such as alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking. However, the evidence remains inconsistent. East Nusa Tenggara has the largest proportion of heavy alcohol drinking among all provinces in Indonesia. Genetic polymorphism of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is related to alcohol drinking behavior through the inactivity of the ALDH2 enzyme, which leads to toxic acetaldehyde accumulation. This study aims to recognize the linkage of ALDH2 genotypes to kidney function among alcohol drinkers and cigarette smokers in East Nusa Tenggara. This study was a cross-sectional study of East Nusa Tenggara ethnicity, aged 18-60 years old. Demographic and lifestyle data were obtained via a questionnaire. DNA analysis was conducted with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Creatinine and BUN levels were measured with a chemistry analyzer. Afterward, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from creatinine value using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. The association between kidney function status and alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking habits were analyzed using the chi-square test, then stratified based on genotype groups. Fifty-one subjects were included in this study, while the mean age was 26.33±1.33 years and the median age was 22 years. There were 37 (72.5%) alcohol drinkers and 14 (27.5%) non-drinkers; 28 (54,9%) cigarette smokers and 23 (45.1%) non-smokers. This study revealed no significant association between kidney function status and alcohol drinking habits. Cigarette smoking habits were inversely associated with eGFR decline and creatinine elevation in wild-type ALDH2 groups.

Death registration is very important and has civil and legal impact on the deceased person and their family. Validity of a death certificate is influenced by the time accuracy of death estimation. Calculation of the post-mortem interval has a central role in the estimation of the time of death, especially for death cases in the community, without prior medical observation. This study aimed to develop a smartphone application for counting the estimated time of death based on android features, to help doctors establish a more accurate time of death and provide a learning facility for doctors and medical student. This action research consisted of 4 cycles: 1) Planning, 2) Action, 3) Observation, and 4) Reflection. The final result of this study is an android application named Forensica 3rd version. This application was developed in Bahasa Indonesia. This application has a menu for recording the patient identity, instructions for post-mortem changes examination, record examination results, time of death calculation and its interpretation. This 3rd version of the application is the latest version after undergoing two revisions. The Forensica application provides an easy way for doctors and medical students to establish the time of death estimation and it is user-friendly.