No abstract

In a polycentric study, the influence of some of the most common variables capable of influencing the reliability of prekeratotomy pachymetry has been evaluated. The fluctuation in a sequence of measurements from the same point on the cornea with the patient in different positions (orthostatic and clinostatic), during progressive drying of the lacrimal film and before and after corneal marking have been evaluated. Three operators, working randomized, used the same computerized pachymeter (DGH1000) to make the measurements. The data obtained in this way were statistically analyzed by the Statgraphics personal computer program. Some interesting and useful considerations about the more correct methods to run the test and its real accuracy have emerged.

No abstract

Maintaining successful mydriasis is essential during cataract extraction. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in order to inhibit trauma induced miosis has been advocated by many authors. Indomethacin 1% has proved his efficacy since many years. Flurbiprofen has been introduced more recently and has been accepted largely because of a better patient comfort. He proved his efficacy against placebo. We conducted a randomized double blind study in order to verify if there is any difference in efficacy between these two drugs. 40 cases were randomly assigned to a pretreatment, not known by the surgeons, with Indomethacin 1% (Indoptic) or Flurbiprofen 0.03% (Ocuflur). Measurements were taken at the beginning of surgery, after nucleous extraction and after irrigationaspiration of lens cortical material. Sodium hyaluronate and epinephrine were not used during this study. After nucleous extraction, the mean pupillary constriction was 1.53 mm in the Indomethacin group and 1.23 mm in the Flurbiprofen group (p greater than 0.1). After aspiration of cortical material, the mean pupillary constriction was 2.27 mm in the Indomethacin group and 2.00 in the Flurbiprofen group (p greater than 0.1). Cumulative results of patients who constricted the pupil more than 2 and 3 mm showed a better result in the Flurbiprofen group. Flurbiprofen has proved in this study his efficacy compared to an other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in inhibiting trauma induced miosis.

La scl6rodermie est l'une des maladies du collag6ne les plus anciennement connues. KLEMPERER --POLLACK (% BAEI-tR d6jh, dans leur premibre publication (1942), la considbrent comme une affection atteignant tout le systbme collag6ne.Elle repr6sente une des collag6noses classiques avec le lupus 6ryth6mateux aigu diss6min6, la dermatomyosite et la p6riart~rite noueuse.On comprend sous le terme de scl6rodermie un ensemble d'affections qui ont cornme caract6re commun une induration particuli6re de la peau avec diminution de sa souplesse et 6volution habituelle vers Fatrophie. Classiquement on oppose les formes g6n6ralis6es aux formes circonscrites. A c6t6 de ces deux formes, on trouve toute une s6rie d'6tats dits scl6rodermiformes qui compliquent ou accompagnent d'autres maladies de la peau: myxoed6me cutan6, dermatomyosite, dermite de stase, etc.La scl~rodermie circonscrite d6bute par une tache 6ryth6mateuse qui s'indure progressivement. A la p6riode d'6tat, le placard indur6, lisse, ~t surface brillante, est de coloration blanchgtre ou vieil ivoire. I1 est entour6 d'un halo lilac6 ou violac6, le lilac-ring, qui correspond ~t la zone d'extension. Le placard pr6sente parfois des zones hyperpigment6es et des t61angiectasies. I1 peut rester ind6-finirnent ou, au contraire, disparaitre en laissant parfois une tache brungtre ou une cicatrice atrophique.On a d6crit 4 types morphologiques de scl6rodermie circonscrite: annulaire, en bandes, en plaques et en gouttes. Ce dernier type a donn6 lieu ~t de vives controverses h cause de sa parent6 avec le lichen atrophique (white spot disease). La scl~rodermie circonscrite comprend ordinairement un ou quelques ~16ments peu nombreux. Elle ne s'accompagne pas d'atteinte musculaire ou