OP and BPEP emphasized the highest surgical efficiency (prolonged postoperative recovery for OP), while TUVis displayed the lowest hemorrhagic risks. On the medium term, generally resembling functional outcomes were determined for the four techniques, with significantly decreased mean PSA values secondary to OP and BPEP.
Early detection of bladder cancer has a positive impact on prognosis. A variety of biomarkers have been developed to detect bladder tumors in urine early and reduce the need for cystoscopy. To detect bladder cancer, several methods are available, but their accuracy varies according to the sensitivity and specificity of each method. This review aims to highlight the established detection methods for bladder cancer based on the available literature. In addition, we aim to identify the combination of different effective detection methods that provides the highest degree of accuracy. In our study, a keyword retrieval method was used to search for appropriate English-language references. This bibliography has been indexed in PubMed and Scopus or has been found through systematic searches from 2015 to 2022. Based on an analysis of international guidelines, it has been revealed that there are numerous discrepancies and unresolved issues. The discovery of an ideal detection method for urothelial cell carcinoma biomarkers has been the subject of numerous efforts. In recent years, a wide range of off-label, experimental, novel, and combined approaches have been published on this topic. This review can contribute to the identification of accurate methods of detecting bladder cancer and highlight areas for future research that can be improved.
Cancerul vezicii urinare este printre cele mai frecvente tumori urologice. În acest context, în ciuda tuturor progreselor tehnologice, rezecţia transuretrală a vezicii urinare (TURV) continuă să reprezinte modalitatea de diagnostic şi tratament standard în tumorile vezicale non-invazive (NMIBT). Tehnica chirurgicală a rezecţiei tumorale bipolare en bloc ar putea fi realizată folosind electrodul cu buton emisferic cu plasmă în lichid de irigare salină sau se poate folosi fibra laser. Formaţiunea malignă este treptat împinsă în sus şi separată de peretele vezicii urinare. Aspectul final al peretelui vezicii urinare dezvăluie fibrele musculare curate ale detrusorului, fără ţesut malign rezidual. În ceea ce priveşte rezultatele, parametrii operatori sunt heterogeni în literatura de specialitate, din cauza diferitelor dispositive de rezecţie utilizate. Cu toate acestea, există câteva puncte principale în toate studiile, cu privire la ratele de recurenţă mai mici, comparativ cu rezecţia clasică şi, de asemenea, cele referitoare la buna calitate a mostrelor de rezecţie. În concluzie, chiar dacă rezultatele generale sunt favorabile pentru rezecţia în bloc, există deocamdată puţine studii comparative multicentrice mari care să stabilească locul potrivit al metodei în armamentariumul urologic.Cuvinte cheie: rezecţie bipolară, en bloc, tumoră vezicală noninvazive
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