Forage fertilization practices ate changing because of poultry litter use restrictions and reduced NH^NOj availability. Our objectives were to compare bermudagrass [Cynoàin dactylon (L.) Pers.] yield and N uptake among N sources and rates and evaluate the influence of N-fertilizer source on NH., volatilization. Four N sources, pelleted poultry litter (PPL), NH^NO,, urea, and urea + iV-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) were applied at rates of 0 to 500 kg N ha" yr" to common bermudagtass from 2006 to 2008. Measurements included dry mattet yield and total N uptake ftom each N source applied at 400 kg N ha"' yr"'. A semi-open static chamber method was used to measure NH, volatilization for 15 d from each N source applied at 400 kg N ha" yr" in three split applications. Dry matter increased linearly in 2006 and curvilinearly in 2007 and 2008 as N rate increased, with maximum yields of 9910 to 14,328 kg ha" '. Forage fertilized with <300 kg PPL-N ha" ' yr" ' produced 78 to 96% of the dry matter as the same rates of NH^NO,. The addition of NBPT to urea showed no consistent benefit to yield or N uptake compared with urea alone. Urea-based fertilizers produced similar to slightly lower yields and N uptakes than NH^NOj. Cumulative NHj-N loss was greatest for urea (10.4-18.7% of applied N), intermediate for urea + NBPT (2.0-3.9%), and < 1.5% for PPL and NH^NOj. Given the limited availability of NH4NO3, restrictions on poultry litter use, and concerns about air quality, urea amended with NBPT is a suitable N source for bermudagrass.Abbreviations: NBPT, 7V-(n-hutyl) thiophosphoric ttiamide; PPL, pelleted poultry litter.
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