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CD10 and RCC are often expressed by clear cell renal cell carcinomas, and they may be useful markers to suggest a renal origin of carcinomas. RCC is less sensitive than CD10. Staining for both of them is usually focal, and thus sensitivity of these techniques decreases when small samples are investigated, such as tissue arrays. The antigen retrieval method is essential for RCC immunohistochemical detection, obtaining the best results with the use of proteolytic enzymes.

Expression of calretinin was not observed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and positivity for CK5 occurred only in one case, in a very small proportion of tumor cells. Therefore, in practice, although the positivity for these markers cannot completely exclude renal cell carcinoma, this result is very rare in this tumor and other diagnostic posibilities should be considered.

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