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\ follow-up study was performed in a group of 77 children who were considered to be "neurological high risk" patients during their neonatal period. \ control group of 24 children was equally studied. Development was evaluated in both groups using the R. Griffith's "Mental Development Test", the results being expressed in 4 developmental levels: normal, mild, moderate and profound retardation. Development was found to be normal in 20183.3^) and mildly retarded in 4116.7^ I of children in the control group. In the high risk group there were 55 normal children I71.4T). 10 were mildly retarded i\'i r i). 9 cases 111.7^) has moderate, and 3 l3.9 r r) had profound developmental retardation. Results in the study group did not differ significantly from those in the control group. Developmental levels in children whose birth weight was under 1 501 gr) 56 cases), with low birth weight for their gestational age (23 children!, or who had neonatal hypoglycemia (22 cases) were not significantly different from the control group. However development was found to be normal in 89.7^ of children whose families had a high or intermediate socioeconomic level and only in 52.6*~f of those from lower socioeconomic level. The difference between these two subgroups was significant.

Esophageal atresia (EA) with distal tracheosophageal fistula (TEF) develops hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) during the late postoperative period with a described prevalence of 1%-10%.The aim of this retrospective study is to show our experience in this association and to report two specific cases. Of 61 patients with EA treated in our institution, 2 developed HPS. Both cases underwent a Ramstedt extramucosal pyloromyotomy. Currently, patients are asymptomatic.Our frequency (3.3%) is similar to other publications, about 1%-10%. It is important to be aware of this association in a patient with a history of EA and recurrent vomiting in the late postoperative period. The etiology of this association should be investigated.

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