Jugular phlebectasia is a rare cause of cervical swelling in children. It is a fusiform dilatation of any part of the jugular venous system and can involve the external, internal or anterior jugular veins. Previous reports suggest that the entity is often ignored or misdiagnosed. Unilateral internal jugular phlebactasia presenting as an intermittent neck swelling in a ten-year-old girl is reported. The clinical features are analyzed and the appropriate use of noninvasive imaging modalities is highlighted. The literature is also briefly reviewed.

MRI was found to be highly sensitive in detecting injuries to the spinal cord and the posterior longitudinal ligament and moderately sensitive for detection of disc injuries. Though concerning the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament, Ligamentum Flavum and the Interspinous Ligaments MRI performed ineffectively with higher number of false negative interpretations.

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ABSTRACT:Osteochondroma is the relatively common bone tumor arising from the metaphysis of long bones. Osteochondroma arising from epiphysis of long bones are very rare. We report a case of a 67 year old man with history of right shoulder pain for past 5 years and difficulty in moving the arm for past 1 year. X-ray showed severe osteophytic changes and a subtle bony outgrowth from head of humerus. MRI showed cartilage capped bony outgrowth arising from the epiphysis of humerus. Medullary cavity of the lesion is seen communicating with the medullary cavity of bone consistent with osteochondroma.

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of MRI knee joint in diagnosing the internal derangement of knee with arthroscopy as reference standard. Internal derangement of knee refers to a group of disorder involving disruption of the normal functioning of the ligaments or menisci of knee joint. It can be traumatic or degenerative. MRI is most commonly indicated in patients with suspected injuries of the menisci and ligaments. This prospective study was done in the department of radiodiagnosis, KMCT medical college. In this study 150 patients suspected to have internal derangement of knee were included. MRI knee and arthroscopy were done in all cases. MRI had a diagnostic accuracy of 88% in ACL injuries, 93% in PCL injuries, 88% in medial meniscal injuries and 91% in lateral meniscal injuries. MRI is highly accurate in diagnosis of ligament and meniscal injuries and it can replace diagnostic arthroscopy in patients with internal derangement of knee.