No abstract

Elastic light scattering is one of the most oftenly used optical method to analyse the cells agglutination reaction-the base of a great number of medical diagnostic tests and biomedical investigations. The increase of the resolution of methods and apparatus towards the induced cells aggregation-the foundation of the reaction of agglutination, is quite an actual problem. The solution of this problem increases the reliability of the diagnostic tests and gives an opportunity to achieve the diagnostic information in the cases when the traditional approaches do not lead to the diagnostic results. The attempt to increase the resolution of the immune reaction analyser by means of ultrasonic waves action on the reagent mixture in vitro is taken in this paper. The RBC agglutination reaction which is usually used for the blood group type examination is chosen as an example of an object of the investigation. Different laser optical trains of the devices based on the turbidimetric and nephelometric methods and their combination are analysed here. The influence of the ultrasonic wave time interval action and of the features of the sample preparation procedure on the resolution towards the agglutination process was investigated in this work. It is shown that the ultrasonic wave action on the reagent mixture leads to a large gain in the resolution of the device towards the RBC agglutination process. The experiments showed that the resolution of the device was enough to register the agglutination process even for the erythrocytes with weak agglutination ability when the reaction was invisible without ultrasonic action. It occured that the diagnostic test time was more than by an order shortened due to the ultrasonic wave action. The optimal ultrasonic time interval action, the sample preparation technology and experimental technique were defined. The principle of the ultrasonic wave action on the cells agglutination process suggested here can be spread out on the immune molecular media (precipitation process). The results may be useful to develop new apparatus and methods for the aims of medical laboratory diagnostics.