Russula pectinatoides (Basidiomycota, Russulaceae), considered a holarctic species, is reported for the first time from Chile. It adds to the list of adventitious Russula and Lactarius species which form mycorrhizal associations with introduced ornamental and forest trees. A detailed description and an updated key for allochtonous agaricoid Russulaceae in Chile are provided.La familia Russulaceae (Basidiomycota, Russulales) está entre las más grandes de aquellas que forman ectomicorrizas con raíces finas de plantas leñosas. Las características diagnósticas principales de los basidiomas son la textura quebradiza del contexto debido a la presencia de esferocistos, la presencia de células laticíferas y de gloeocistidios, así como esporas con ornamentación amiloide. Los taxones epígeos (con hábito agaricoide) se dividen entre los géneros Russula (ca. 750 spp.) y Lactarius con ca. 450 spp. (Kirk et al. 2008).
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