No abstract

Arboviral infections like dengue fever and chikungunya are the most common infections that share the same Aedes mosquito vectors. Clinical presentations of these two infections are also similar, especially in initial stages. Non-structural antigen (NS1 Ag)detection for dengue and detection of IgM antibodies by capture ELISA for chikungunya and dengue infection may help in the early diagnosis. Early diagnosis is essential for the treatment and control measures. The present study was conducted to know the burden of dengue and chikungunya. A retrospective study was conducted for a period of 1 year from Dec 2017 to Nov 2018 to know the burden of dengue and chikungunya in Chamarajanagar. Dengue (> 5 days fever) and chikungunya testing was done by IgM antibody capture ELISA kits produced by NIV. Dengue samples (< 5 days fever) were subjected to NS1 antigen detection by microwell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from Qualpro diagnostics. The tests were carried out following manufacturer’s instruction. Samples received for dengue NS1 Ag testing was 446, of which, 49(11.0%) were positive and of 730 samples received for IgM antibody, 53 (7.3%) were positive. Age group commonly affected was 0-20 years 44(43.1%). Of 668 samples received for chikungunya test, 86 (12.9%) were positive. Maximum number of cases was seen in age group of 21-40 years 45(52.3%). Males 56(54.9%) were affected higher than female 46(45.1%) in dengue infection while in chikungunya, females 45(52.3%) were more affected than males 41(47.7%). Both infections are high in the month of June and July. Early detection of dengue by NS1 antigen and detection of Ig M antibodies by capture ELISA chikungunya and dengue infection helps in appropriate treatment and initiation of prevention and control measures by community awareness and vector control.

Dengue and Chikungunya are mosquito-borne arboviral infections with Aedes aegypti being the common vector for both. Manifestations of dengue fever closely resemble with the manifestations of Chikungunya. Although Chikungunya is a self-limiting disease, but dengue causes serious complications like Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome. Detection of IgM antibody in Dengue and Chikungunya infection helps in early diagnosis and treatment. To study the Prevalence and Seasonal Trends of Dengue and Chikungunya infection. Two years retrospective study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018. Serum samples from patients who were clinically suspected to have Dengue and Chikungunya were included. Samples were subjected to IgM antibody capture ELISA kits produced by NIV (Arbovirus Diagnostic NIV, Pune, India). The tests were done according to manufacturer's instruction. In 2017, Of 1664 samples tested for Dengue, 158(09.49%) were positive and of 1439 samples tested for Chikungunya, 147(10.21%) were positive. In 2018, of 737 samples tested for Dengue, 48 (6.51%) were positive and of 711 samples tested for Chikungunya, 90 (12.6%) were positive. Maximum numbers of Dengue and Chikungunya cases were seen in the age group of 21 to 30 years and 11-20 years respectively. Males were affected higher than females. Maximum seropositives were detected during Monsoon and Pre-monsoon season.The serological tests (ELISA) clearly establish the etiology and also help in initiating appropriate treatment and preventive measures in community.