Presentación de casos clínicos RESUMENEl eritema indurado de Bazin es poco frecuente en la edad pediátrica. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 12 años procedente de China remitida para estudio por sospecha de eritema nudoso de larga evolución y prueba de tuberculina positiva (20 mm). La paciente no presentaba otros síntomas. En la exploración física se observaban nódulos violáceos, localizados en ambas regiones pretibiales, pero también en ambas pantorrillas. La radiografía de tórax fue normal. Se obtuvo muestra para biopsia, que mostró una paniculitis de predominio lobulillar con presencia de granulomas. La detección de micobacterias mediante cultivo y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en la muestra fue negativa. Se aisló Mycobacterium tuberculosis en una de tres muestras de jugo gástrico. Se trató con isoniacida, rifampicina, pirazinamida y etambutol con curación de las lesiones. Este caso resalta la importancia de sospechar eritema indurado en las formas atípicas de eritema nudoso y de investigar exhaustivamente la existencia de una tuberculosis activa en estos casos. Palabras clave: paniculitis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, eritema indurado de Bazin.
Resumen Abstract Hymeneal TagsEs importante una exploración adecuada de todas las estructuras genitales de las recién nacidas diferenciando las variantes normales de las patológicas.Dentro de las variaciones congénitas de la mucosa himeneal, el pólipo o tag es la variante anatómica más frecuente.Presentamos los casos de dos recién nacidas que en la primera revisión en el centro de salud a las dos semanas y a los nueve meses de vida presentaban un tag himeneal.It is important to make an appropriate examination of the genital structures of the female newborn to differentiate normal from pathological variations.Among the congenital variations of the hymeneal mucosa, a polyp or tag is the most common anatomic variant.We report two cases: a two week old girl and a nine month old girl with hymeneal tag detected in a well child review at the primary care centre. CASOS CLÍNICOS Primer casoNiña de 15 días de vida que acude a la consulta para revisión dentro del programa de salud infantil. Antecedentes familiares sin interés. Embarazo normal (primigesta). Parto y periodo neonatal inmediato normales. Se trata de una recién nacida a término con peso y talla adecuadas a la edad gestacional.Exploración normal, hallándose en el área genital, hacia las seis horas, protruyendo entre los labios menores una pequeña formación poliposa de superficie lisa, color carnoso y consistencia blanda, que se valoró como tag himeneal (Fig. 1). Se informa a los padres y se mantiene sin tratamiento, excepto un control evolutivo.Cuatro meses después, el tag había disminuido mucho, aunque continuaba apreciándose. Actualmente, a los 18 meses de edad ha disminuido aún más y solo se observa al separar los labios menores (Fig. 2).
(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of restrictions and nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) changed the trends in respiratory viral circulation and the pattern in pediatric healthcare utilization; (2) Methods: A retrospective, multicenter observational study designed to analyze the impact of the pandemic on pediatric healthcare utilization and the viral circulation pattern in children in a region in Northern Spain was carried out. Viral diagnostics data from all nasal or pharyngeal swabs collected in children in Asturias during the periods of March 2018–September 2019 and March 2020–September 2021 were analyzed, as well as the number of pediatric hospitalizations and emergency visits; (3) Results: A total of 14,640 samples were collected during the pandemic period. Of these, at least one respiratory virus was detected in 2940 (20.1%) while 5568/10,298 samples were positive in the pre-pandemic period (54.1%); p < 0.001. The detection of both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses decreased among periods (p < 0.001). After week 14, 2020, enveloped viruses were no longer detected until one year later, while non-enveloped viruses continued to be detected in children. Overall, a mean of 4946.8 (95% CI 4519.1–5374.4) pediatric emergency visits per month during the period 2018–2019 as compared to 2496.5 (95% CI 2086.4–2906.5) for 2020–2021 occurred (p < 0.001). The mean of pediatric hospitalizations also significantly decreased between periods, as follows: 346.6 (95% CI 313–380.2) in 2018–2019 vs. 161.1 (95% CI 138.4–183.8); p < 0.001; (4) Conclusions: Our study showed a remarkably reduction in pediatric hospitalizations and emergency visits and a change in the pattern of viral circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Asturias. The usual seasonal respiratory viruses, namely influenza or RSV were nearly absent in the pediatric population during the pandemic.
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