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Spectroscopic data for single- and two-component systems showing strong deviations from Beer's law have been fitted with the following functions: Beer's law with first order term only, Beer's law with zero and first order terms, and a nonlinear function. The mathematics for performing the analyses are developed and applied to actual systems. Considerable improvements are noted with the more complex functions. The advantages of using a computer for processing the data include the ability to handle the more complex functions and the matrix manipulations. It is shown that these advantages ease the requirements for selecting analytical wavelengths.

ASTM procedure for determining Jsmall percentages of sulfur (1 to 10 p.p.m.) in light petroleum products is not completely suitable, mainly because sufficient sample for accurate measurement cannot be burned in a reasonable time. Work in this laboratory resulted in the development of a better burner, shown in Figure 1, in which air or carbon dioxide-oxygen mixtures may be used to produce a blue Bunsen burner type of flame. It burns approximately 60.0 grams of fuel per hour; a similar type 2.0 mm. greater in diameter burned fuel iy2 times as fast. Highly aromatic materials such as benzene are completely burned. Figure 2 shows the assembly in which the burner is used.Determination of Operating Conditions.Remove the re-igniter-grid assembly and mount the burner in a vertical position with the fuel stopcock closed. Connect the variable

Water and air samples collected from treated and untreated simulated oil spills have been analyzed for hydrocarbons. In test tanks, 6.2 m tall, the concentration of oil in the water just beneath the surface is initially 27 times greater when a dispersant is used. During a 3-day experiment, however, the amount of oil in the water column decreased significantly in both the treated and untreated cases. When a dispersant was used, the maximum concentration in the water column gradually moved toward the bottom of the tank. Results of laboratory, meso scale, and a real spill are compared.