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A comparison of maze learning and maternal activities associated with care of the young indicated that lesions amounting to approximately 30% of the cortex are more disruptive of the former than of the latter behavior. Lesions involving 40% or more of the cortex disturbed maternal activities more than it did those of breeding, placentation, gestation, and parturition. The data do not disclose whether the disturbance of maternal activities resulted from destruction of innate behavioral mechanisms, as such, or from disturbance of humoral functions. Bibliography.