This study investigated the inclusion levels of defatted maize germ (DMG) in the diet of horses by determining the apparent digestibility coefficients of the nutrients, and the physicochemical parameters of feaces and blood samples. Four adult horses, weighing 483.3 ± 27.5 kg average, arranged in 4x4 Latin square were used. The energy provided by the diets came from hay, 50% (Jiggs hay), and from the concentrate, 50%, with increasing DMG levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%). Digestibility was determined using samples from total feaces collection. The characteristics of color, consistency, pH and buffering capacity (BC) 5 and 6 of the feaces were determined daily during the collection days. The blood samples were collected by venipuncture of the jugular, with vacuum tubes, to determine the concentration of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and insulin using biochemical kits and the concentration of short-chain fatty acids, by gas chromatography. The diets did not affect significantly (P> 0.05) the digestibility of nutrients, fecal pH (mean 6.7), buffering capacity at pH 5 (22.7) and pH 6 (6.9), and fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids. Likewise, diets did not affect significantly (P> 0.05) the blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and total short-chain fatty acids. However, diets changed significantly (P <0.05) the blood concentrations of triglycerides, described by the equation ŷ = 30.62 + 0.26x. The triglycerides, glucose and insulin variables also changed significantly (P <0.05) over time, according to the following equations: ŷ = 32.30 + 0.87x; ŷ = 85.93 + 3.17x -0.61x²; and y = 3.19 + 1.38x -0.22x², respectively. The defatted maize germ can be included up to 30% of the concentrate (up to 9.6% of the diet) without changing the diet apparent digestibility coefficient, and feaces and blood physicochemical parameters. This ingredient can be an alternative for high fiber diets and can contribute to formulating diets with lower glycemic and insulinemic indexes.
O Harpejamento é uma anormalidade caracterizada pela hiperflexão involuntária de um ou ambos os membros posteriores do equino, trata-se de uma claudicação de intensidade e frequência diversificada, variando de grau leve a severo. Essa enfermidade não apresenta etiologia bem definida, classificada como harpejamento australiano ou harpejamento clássico/idiopático, em ambos, os sinais clínicos são semelhantes, mas a primeira forma diferencia da segunda pela gravidade, ocorrência em surtos, sazonalidade e recuperação espontânea dos animais acometidos. O tratamento pode ser medicamentoso, com terapias auxiliares ou intervenção cirúrgica. O prognóstico vai de reservado a favorável de acordo com o quadro clinico do animal. Este trabalho descreve um caso de Harpejamento idiopático com enfoque em relatar a enfermidade, seus sinais clínicos e forma de tratamento.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of odontoplasty on apparent digestibility of diet for horses, consumption time, and particle size of feces. Nine horses were used, aged 14.5±3.3 years and weightng 531±38.7kg. The diet consisted of 1.5% of live weight (LW) in Tifton 85 hay and 0.75% of LW in concentrate for both assays. The experiment consisted of two tests of apparent digestibility using the method of total collection, before and after the odontoplasty, where the consumption time of hay and concentrate was also evaluated and the particle size of the feces was analyzed. An effect (P<0.05) of odontoplasty on the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was observed. Effect of the consumption time for the concentrate (P<0.05) was observed, but not for the forage (P<0.05). There was more retention (P<0.05) of the fecal particles in the sieves of bigger granulometry. The odontoplasty increases the digestibility of dietary nutrients and feces particle size, without changing feces quality. Animals after the procedure have shorter concentrate consumption time.
Gostaria de agradecer a minha família, meu pai, Reinaldo, que sempre nos incentivou à estudar, minha mãe Milza, que sempre fez e faz tudo por mim, minhas irmãs, Camila, Carolina e Sthephany, que sempre estiveram ao meu lado me ajudando em tudo que eu precisei, desde um carro emprestado até ficar de madrugada me ajudando na formatação dos trabalhos, Amo vocês! Minha namorada Giovanna, que me aguenta todos os dias, mesmo nem eu me aguentando em alguns, te amo muito Gi! Aos meus amigos de graduação que me deram abrigo sempre que eu precisei aqui em Pirassununga, muito obrigado Vinícius e Dilberto! A minha querida orientadora, Roberta e toda a equipe (Camila, Mada, Mel, Tata, Olivia, Grazi, me desculpem se esqueci de alguém) porque sem vocês essa dissertação seria muito mais dificil pra mim. Meu muito obrigado pra vocês pelo resto da vida! Aos cavalos, que são minha paixão desde a infância e que me movem a sempre buscar o meu melhor para poder ajudá-los! E principalmente a Deus, porque sem ele nada disso seria possível! Resumo Efeito da odontoplastia sobre a digestibilidade aparente e tempo de consumo de dieta para equinos. 2017.F. Dissertação (Mestrado)-Faculdade de Zootecnia e
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