Concept maps are graphical tools for representation and construction of knowledge. The manual construction of a concept map requires time and cognitive effort, this being increased when the map should not represent the cognitive structure of the author, but rather, the information expressed in a text written by another author. Therefore, we propose a computational approach for concept map mining from texts in Portuguese that aims to represent the text in summary form through concepts and relationships. To this end, we define a technological architecture that includes the services of: (i) text formatting, removing characters and designing of the text; (ii) domain identification, information retrieval techniques to identify the domain to which refers the text; (iii) elements extractor, natural language processing techniques on the text to extract concept-relation-concept propositions; (iv) element summarizer, supported by graph analysis to identify the relevant concepts on the map; and (v) map visualization, presentation of the propositions in graphic form. The approach developed presents satisfactory results and contributes exceptionally to the summarization of texts to identify the relevant concepts of the text while maintaining its several and most important characteristics. Furthermore, this research introduces the specification of a project to provide computational resources for processing, handling and extraction of conceptual maps.

Concept maps are resources for the representation and construction of knowledge. They allow showing, through concepts and relationships, how knowledge about a subject is organized. Technological advances have boosted the development of approaches for the automatic construction of a concept map, to facilitate and provide the benefits of that resource more broadly. Due to the need to better identify and analyze the functionalities and characteristics of those approaches, we conducted a detailed study on technological approaches for automatic construction of concept maps published between 1994 and 2016 in the IEEE Xplore, ACM and Elsevier Science Direct data bases. From this study, we elaborate a categorization defined on two perspectives, Data Source and Graphic Representation, and fourteen categories. That study collected 30 relevant articles, which were applied to the proposed categorization to identify the main features and limitations of each approach. A detailed view on these approaches, their characteristics and techniques are presented enabling a quantitative analysis. In addition, the categorization has given us objective conditions to establish new specification requirements for a new technological approach aiming at concept maps mining from texts.

This paper introduces an approach to achieving business integration within a manufacturing system based on executing models of system behaviour that describe important aspects of coordination within the system. The strategy for demonstrating the approach is to combine formalisms derived principally from CIMOSA and Petri nets into an engineering workbench where models (of`what' the integrated manufacturing system is expected to achieve and`how' the system can achieve it) are executed. An important aspect of the work is to enable modelling and simulation to be consistently performed using the same set of models that are used to construct the run time system. As part of this overall support, this paper details the results obtained from the realization, application and evaluation of the engineering workbench, particularly in regard to its support for modelling and simulation.

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