Este estudo teve dois objetivos principais: (1) testar a validade de 41 equações antropométricas, disponíveis na literatura eventualmente utilizadas para a estimativa da densidade corporal em homens brasileiros; (2) analisar a precisão das equações generalizadas e específicas para a estimativa da densidade corporal e/ou %G na amostra estudada. Foram envolvidos no estudo 304 homens das regiões central do RS e litorânea de SC, com média de idade de 30,17 ± 9,78 anos. As dobras cutâneas (DCs) foram mensuradas em nove diferentes locais e as circunferências em cinco. Utilizou-se a densidade corporal (D) mensurada (Dm) através da pesagem hidrostática, como critério de validação, cujo valor médio foi de 1,062131 ± 0,0155 g/ml. A análise de validação indicou que as equações quadráticas de JACKSON e POLLOCK(1978), que usam a idade, a soma de três e sete DCs e as circunferências do antebraço e do abdômen, assim como a logarítmica de três DCs, são as generalizadas que possuem validade concorrente para a estimativa de valores de D em homens brasileiros. Cinco equações específicas (n° 24 a 28) de GUEDES (1985) e a SLOAN (1967), também mostraram-se válidas para a estimativa de valores densidade corporal. Pode-se concluir que estas equações apresentam validade concorrente para a estimativa da densidade corporal; e, que as equações generalizadas mostraram-se mais precisas que as específicas, na estimativa de valores de densidade corporal em homens brasileiros.

SUMMARY A study of the prevalence of hypertension was undertaken among workers in 10 subsectors of the economy in Sao Paulo, a major urban-industrial area of Brazil. Included in the study were 5500 subjects 15-65 years of age, employed in 57 randomly selected firms. Hypertension rates (DBP ^ 90 mm Hg) were higher among males up to 44 years of age. There was a decreasing gradient from mild to moderate and severe forms in all groups. Severity tended to increase with age in all groups. Black males showed higher rates than whites (29.2% vs 16.7%, p < 0.05), the excess being partially accounted for by moderate and severe forms (40% vs 20%). Subjects who overworked showed a trend toward higher hypertension rates. Higher rates in four subsectors (metallurgy, finance, transport, and journalism), aside from the distribution of known risk factors and job selection, may reflect a variety of work-related stressors. 1 " 4 In most developed countries hypertension and associated diseases have been acknowledged as major public health concerns. In underdeveloped countries, however, the issue is much less clear. For a long time, health and disease patterns in underdeveloped countries have been considered to be altogether different from those prevailing in developed societies. Evidence has accumulated in recent years, however, that shows at least in some areas of the so-called "third world" a mixed pattern of disease characterized by disorders considered more prevalent among urban industrial populations than in "traditional" societies.'The transition from traditional to industrial societies is a complex process involving profound social and economic changes that, in turn influence health and disease patterns of the members of society. In urban industrial societies, entry into the job market, qualitative aspects of work (time pressured, hierarchically controlled, competitive) as well as the quantity of work, have been argued to be critical events regarding hypertension. 6 The objectives of the present study were to: 1) estimate the prevalence of hypertension among workers in selected economic activities of a highly urbanized area of the third world, the Metropolitan area of Sao Paulo; 2) provide descriptive data on the epidemiology of hypertension in that population; and 3) set up baseline data for testing hypotheses relating to work-related factors associated with hypertension. MethodologySubjects from 10 subsectors of the economy were studied. In the secondary sector (industry), the following subsectors were selected: textile, metallurgy, housing, and automobile construction. In the tertiary sector (trade and services) the selected subsectors were the following: trade (wholesale, retail), insurance, loans and finance, transportation, advertising and journalism, teaching, liberal arts professionals.In Brazil, a federal law, known as the "Law of the Two Thirds," makes it mandatory for each firm to report annually to the Ministry of Labour the number

entre os grupos. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a adoção e manutenção de um estilo de vida ativo, mesmo em idades avançadas, por meio da atividade física, têm efeitos benéficos na manutenção da independên-cia de pessoas idosas. AbstractObjective: To value the influence of the level of physical activity in the lipid profiles, the levels of glucose in the blood stream, the body composition, the muscular and cardiovascular fitness aptitudes (VO²max), and the agility/ equilibrium in elderly women Methods: In order to verify the interference of the level of physical exercises on the levels of lipid and glucose, on body composition and on physical aptitude, the independent Student test was used, after the normality Shapiro-Wilks test. Twenty-three women over 60 years old were evaluated in two groups, an active group and an inactive one, according to a classification by IPAQ. Results: Active women presented significantly higher values in the agility/equilibrium tests and middle age superior to that of the inactive group. Besides, the active group presented superior fatness mass, slim body mass, strength in inferior members, which were not, however, statistically significant. In the reverse form, the total cholesterol, triglycerids and they showed the blood glucose inferior in the active group, but also not statistically significant. You were varying the rest antropométricas, qualitative food profile, and too many tests of physical aptitude did not show differences between the groups. Conclusions: The conclusion is that adopting and keeping up an active lifestyle by means of physical activities, even in advanced age, has benefic effects in prolonging the independence of the elderly.

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate specific anthropometric equations to determine the body density of Brazilian Army military women. All anthropometric variables were collected from females 18-45 years old, living in Rio de Janeiro. One hundred military women were distributed into two groups: the regression group (n = 80), used for the development of the equations proposed in this study, and the validation group (n = 20), used for the validation of the developed equations. Ten skinfolds, ten perimeters, three diameters, body mass (BM), height and density (D) by means of hydrostatic weighing were measured. For the purpose of developing the equations, stepwise regression was performed; for validation, Pearson linear correlation coefficient (p < 0.05), constant error (CE), technical error (TE) and standard error of the estimate (SEE) were calculated. The subjects showed the following characteristics: regression group (n = 80), aged 30.54 ± 6.53 years, height 165.05 ± 5.95 cm, body mass 58.71 ± 6.68 kg and body density 1.045620 ± 0.00876 g/ml; validation group (n = 20), aged 31.08 ± 6.84 years, height 164.21 ± 5.49 cm, body mass 58.88 ± 7.88 kg and body density 1.043877 ± 0.01117 g/ml. After the regression analysis and the subsequent choice criteria, 10 equations showing an R between 0.681 and 0.822, as well as a SEE between 0.00516 and 0.00652 g/ml were developed. These equations were validated (1,2) by means of variables such as skinfolds, perimeters and diameters to estimate D of Brazilian Army military women aged 18-45 years.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi identifi car as dobras cutâneas que melhor predizem o Índice de Massa Corporal em crianças de 6 a 10 anos de idade. Participaram desta investigação 188 escolares da rede particular de ensino do município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná, sendo 99 meninos e 89 meninas. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas da massa corporal (MC, kg) e estatura (EST, cm), para cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC, kg.m -2 ), e dobras cutâneas (DC, mm) do bíceps, tríceps, subescapular, axilar oblíqua, supra-ilíaca oblíqua, abdominal vertical, panturrilha medial. A inter-relação entre as DC e o IMC foi quantifi cada através da correlação de Pearson. A regressão múltipla Stepwise foi usada para determinar a independência e contribuição coletiva das dobras cutâneas na predição do IMC, sendo p<0,05. Para os meninos, a DC abdominal (modelo 1) foi um forte preditor do IMC, explicando 72,3% da variância, ao passo que a adição da DC subescapular (modelo 2) pouco alterou a variância, passando para 73,7%. Para as meninas, os resultados indicaram que a DC supra-ilíaca foi responsável por 82% da variância no IMC (modelo1), e a adição da DC do tríceps (modelo 2) aumentou a proporção da variância na relação para 85%, sendo que quando incorporada a DC subescapular (modelo 3), a variância aumentou coletivamente para 86%. Os achados do presente estudo apontam para uma relação estreita entre o IMC e as DC abdominal (para meninos) e supra-ilíaca (para meninas), demonstrando que, para nossa amostra, as dobras cutâneas que representam uma distribuição de gordura central foram as melhores preditoras de variações no IMC. palavras-chave: Dobras cutâneas, Índice de Massa Corporal, Crianças. aBstraCtThe purpose of this study was to identify which skinfold thicknesses best predict the Body Mass Index (BMI) of children aged 6 to 10 years. The sample consisted of 188 schoolchildren (99 boys and 89 girls) from the private Education System of the city of Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. Anthropometric variables were measured: body mass and height (for computing BMI) and skinfolds (biceps, triceps, subscapular, oblique midaxillary, oblique suprailiac, vertical abdominal and medial calf). The relationships between skinfolds and BMI were analyzed using Pearson's correlation. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to determine the independence and mutual contribution of skinfolds to prediction of BMI, with p <0.05. For boys, the abdominal skinfold (model 1) was the strongest predictor of BMI, explaining 72.3% of the variance, while including the subscapular skinfold (model 2) produced a small increase to 73.7%. For girls, the results indicated that the suprailiac skinfold was responsible for 82% of the variance in BMI (model 1), while the addition of the triceps skinfold (model 2) increased to 85% of variance. A third model, which incorporated the subscapular skinfold (model 3), caused a further increment in explained variance to 86%. The fi ndings of this study indicate a moderate relationship between BMI and abdominal and supra...