No abstract

Student problem in mathematics learning is understanding the abstract mathematical material and real problem in daily life. Therefore, this research aims to produce mathematics module with triangle topic for Junior High School at 7 th grade based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) which valid and effective for the process of learning and find out students positive response to the module. The module was arranged based on realistic mathematics education for emphasizing that module can help students reach more understanding through real context or real mind which concern in vertical mathematization and horizontal mathematization. The method of this research was research and development (RnD). This module contained real context topic which served on students activities, summary, exercises in every subtopic and final evaluation.

This study aims to determine how students critical thinking ability who study with probing-prompting and conventional learning models are. This research is a quantitatif research with a quasi-experimental design group. The research population was all students of class X SMK Setih Setio 2 Muara Bungo, Jambi. The research sample consisted of two classes with a sample size of 62 people determined by simple random sampling, namely X MM as the control class using the conventional learning model and X AK as the experimental class using the Probing-Prompting learning model. Requirements analysis test has been carried out so that the data obtained are not normally distributed and not homogeneous. The hypotheses were analyzed using the U-Mann Whitney test at a significant level of α=0,05. Based on data analysis and hypothesis testing, it was found that: (1) there were differences in students' critical thinking skills taught using probing-prompting and conventional learning models, and (2) there is an increase in students' critical thinking skills taught by using probing-prompting and conventional models.

This research examines the process of making traditional Batak ornaments called gorga. The process will be analyzed mathematical concepts used in making gorga. Based on observations, one of the concepts used in making gorga is arithmetic sequence. This research is aimed at describing the modeling process carried out by engravers using local wisdom (emic) and relating it to academic mathematical modeling (etic). This research involved five gorga carvers in Tobasa and Samosir areas. Data was collected through direct observation, as well as interviews with gorga sculptors. The results showed the existence of arithmetic sequence concepts in the process of making gorga.

The mathematics materials in learning mostly used package books, but the provided resources in the school were limited and teachers did not optimize the existing technology to provide effective and interesting materials. As a consequence, students did not complete the exercise according to mathematical procedures and they were pessimistic. The general research purpose was to produce a metaphorical thinking approach-based worksheet for students' procedural fluency on valid characteristics. This study used research and development by the ADDIE stage model. The participant was 9th-grade students in junior high school. Data collection were observation, questionnaires, and interview techniques. The results showed that the characteristics of the developed worksheet have been valid. The results of the worksheet validity test were obtained by 90% and the results of the trial of students were 93%. The implications of this worksheet are helpful for students to independent learning, and this worksheet helps students solve mathematical problems in accordance with procedural, assisted by steps of the metaphorical thinking approach, teaching and learning activities are more effective.