RESUMEN El artículo describe los estudios de validez y confiabilidad llevados a cabo sobre el Test de Evaluación MatemáticaTemprana Utrech (TEMT-U) que corresponde a una versión española del Utrecht Early Numeracy Test, instrumento que evalúa la competencia general en matemática y las áreas específicas de Comparación, Clasificación, Correspondencia, Seriación, Conteo Verbal, Conteo Estructurado, Conteo Resultante y Conocimiento General de los Números en niños y niñas de edades entre cuatro a ocho años, que cursan desde primer nivel de transición hasta segundo básico (N= 1436, 730 mujeres y 707 varones). Los análisis de validez y confiabilidad realizados sobre este instrumento permiten que el test TEMT-U pueda ser considerado como un instrumento útil para evaluar el desempeño en el área matemática de estudiantes chilenos de Segundo Ciclo Preescolar y Primer Ciclo Básico, en la medida que se reportan puntajes comparativos por edad, nivel educativo y dependencia administrativa.Palabras clave: matemática temprana, educación preescolar, educación básica, edad, sexo.ABSTRACT This work presents the validity and reliability studies conducted on the Spanish version of the Utrecht Early Numeracy Test ("Test de Evaluación Matemática Temprana Utrech", TEMT-U). This instrument assesses the general competence in mathematics and the specific areas of comparison, classification, correspondence, seriation, verbal counting, structured counting, resultant counting, and general knowledge of Numbers. The study was performed in Chilean children aged four to eight years, attending the first level of transition to second grade of elementary school(N = 1436, 730 women and 707 men). The validity and reliability analysis conducted show that TEMT-U test can be considered a useful tool for assessing the mathematical performance of Chilean students of preschool and elementary school. The comparative scores for age, administrative support of school, and gender are presented.Key words: early mathematics competence, administrative dependence, mathematics, pre-school education, age, sex. RESUMO

The Cu, Cr and Pb concentrations were determined in Mugil cephalus and Eleginops maclovinus, fish species inhabiting the mouths of the Maule and Mataquito Rivers (Maule Region, Chile) which are consumed by the coastal population in large quantities. Measurements were taken by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy to analyse representative muscle tissue of the two species. The method was validated using certified reference material (DOLT-1). The concentration ranges of Cu, Cr and Pb (mg . kg -1 , dry weight) in Mugil cephalus from the Maule river were: Cu 0.5-36.2; Cr 0.3-6.3; Pb 0.4-11.2 and from the Mataquito river varied between: Cu 0.6-23.2; Cr 0.3-6.0 and Pb 0.4-11.1. For the species Eleginops maclovinus from the Maule river the concentration ranges were: Cu 0.8-13.2; Cr 0.2-5.6; Pb 0.2-9.6 and from the Mataquito river: Cu 0.5-18.4; Cr 0.2-3.2 and Pb 0.3-4.0. The concentration ranges of Cu and Cr recorded in the two species of fish are within the levels permitted by FAO and EPA, however the concentrations of Pb in Mugil cephalus originating from both estuaries exceeds the levels permitted by current legislation. The statistical analysis done with one way ANOVA (p < 0.05) indicated that for each metal there are no significant differences between the species and the two sampling sites; however with two way ANOVA between the species and the two sampling sites a significant difference was found for Cu and Cr, but not for Pb.

No abstract