Environmental issues have been at the center of society's concerns for a long time. Recently, this kind of concern is growing even more due to the damage caused to the environment by electrical and electronic product waste. Based on this same concern, this work aimed to analyze, through a literature review, the production and treatment of electronic waste in today's world, with an emphasis on Brazil and China. The articles reviewed point to an increase in the production of this type of waste, in both Brazil and China, and reveal that the current processes of treatment of electronic waste mostly aim to obtain profit through the recovery of precious metals such as copper. This paper concluded that although Brazil is one of the major producers of e-waste, more than 90% of its e-waste has not had a proper final destination. This deficiency in e-waste treatment in Brazil is mainly due to financial factors and the lack of a robust educational policy focused on the environment. Thus, this work suggests the implementation of an effective educational policy aimed at environmental conservation, as well as investments in research on recycling methods in Brazil, especially on the use of e-waste as an aggregate in the manufacture of concrete.
The correct destination of waste is an essential factor for sustainable development. Electronic waste, which is very toxic, is the type of waste with the highest rate of increase in its generation. For these reasons, the amount of research on this topic increases year by year, as shown by the literature review carried out by this study. This review aims to identify the main characteristics and proposals of the main study on electronic waste and verify how Brazil is inserted globally in the research on e-waste. Another objective is to suggest a path for researchers who want to start research on e-waste by identifying the keywords most used in the analyzed articles. The results evidenced that the most published countries on the subject are China, the USA, and India. Brazil is in a position of little prominence concerning its research production on the subject. Most of the central studies we analyzed use case study and literature review as the research method. Among the 44 articles analyzed, only one proposed a destination for e-waste. It highlights the need for more research focusing on the environmentally correct destination of e-waste. A good way to start a search on electronic waste is to use the keywords identified in this study, especially those used most frequently in the analyzed articles.
As part of a research project on the substitution of natural aggregates for residues, this article carried out a literature review, identifying articles that have the words aggregates, residues and concrete in their topics, in the Scopus and Web of Sciences bases. Among the main objectives of this review are: to verify what is the relative position of Brazil in relation to research in the area of substitution of aggregate for waste; to identify the main residues that are being studied to be used as raw material substitutes in the construction industry, mainly in Brazil; evaluate the hypothesis that a search using the words concrete, aggregate and residue will result in articles from the environmental and civil engineering areas. The main results are: Brazil is the country that most published articles with the characteristics investigated in the present work, followed by the countries China, Italy, USA and Spain; articles by Brazilian authors are predominantly from the areas of engineering and the environment; there are several studies investigating the substitution of natural aggregates for residues, mainly the substitution for residues of the civil construction itself; in Brazil, the most investigated residues to be used as raw material substitutes for the civil engineering industry are the residues of the civil engineering industry and the residues of agricultural products. The result of the review also identified the need for an improvement in the data and research tools of the databases used. The reasons are the probable data inconsistencies and flaws in the research tools found in the databases. With all these results, this work intends to provide basic information for researchers who intend to initiate research on the substitution of natural aggregates for waste, in addition to using them to continue the research project of replacing part of natural aggregates with electronic waste in the production of concrete. It also intends to show the importance of revision work for the improvement of data and database tools.
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