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ResumenSe determinó el efecto de las estrategias de afrontamiento (WOC) en los síntomas de estrés post-traumático (PTSD) ante un evento estresante común para 304 personas (Chile, terremoto 27 de febrero de 2010), mediante la aplicación del Ways of Coping Questionnaire y de la Davidson Scale of Trauma. Los resultados muestran 4 modelos de regresión lineal múltiple significativos que explican el total y los 3 tipos de síntomas del PTSD a partir de las WOC evitación y resolución de problemas. Sin embargo, un primer modelo integrado mediante ecuaciones estructurales no obtuvo buenos índices de ajuste. Se concluye con un modelo integrado alternativo que presenta muy buenos índices de ajuste. Finalmente se entregan explicaciones basadas en neuroimágenes y covert conditioning, además de reflexiones sobre prevención y prevalencia del PTSD.Palabras clave: Estrategias de afrontamiento, estrés post-traumático, terremoto, tsunami, desastres. AbstractThe effect of the ways of coping (WOC) in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a stressing event common to a sample of 304 people (Chile, earthquake February, 27 2010) was determined through the application of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire and the Davidson Scale of Trauma. The results show 4 significant Regression Multiple Linear models explaining the total and the 3 types of PTSD symptoms through WOC such as avoidance and problem solution. However, a first integrated model through structural equations did not attain good fit indexes. The study has been concluded with an alternative integrated model presenting very good adjustment indexes (CMIN/DF=.058, RMSEA=.000, NFI=.999, CFI=.999 and PNFI=.100). Finally, explanations based on neuroimages and covert conditioning are provided along with reflections on the prevention and prevalence of the PTSD.

The rapid internationalization of business can be a very important factor in their development, so that they can then become established companies that create more jobs and develop innovation. Through the observation of a group of Chilean SMEs, this paper aims to verify compliance with the accelerated internationalization theory developed by Oviatt and McDougall (1994) for Chile. Analyzing a sample of 112 SMEs it could be shown that in the case of Chile, there are factors proposed in the literature, such as support networks, the size of the company and the technological level of the industry, that not necessarily accelerate the internationalization strategy. Moreover, the impact of psychic distance and previous experience are be factors to accelerate the search for international markets. From these results, it is suggested that policy makers should focus more on strengthening the human capital of individual entrepreneurs, instead of institutional aspects

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