Os corredores ecológicos surgem como alternativa para mitigar os efeitos da fragmentação florestal permitindo entre eles o fluxo gênico de fauna e flora e a recolonização de áreas degradadas. Diante do exposto o presente estudo teve como objetivo, identificar para a bacia hidrográfica do rio Itapemirim, ES, por meio de metodologia desenvolvida em Sistemas de Informações Geográficas, a delimitação de corredores ecológicos que propiciem a interligação de fragmentos florestais, identificados mediante análise das métricas da paisagem como fragmentos florestais com atributos espaciais, que sugerem maior conservação. A metodologia consistiu no mapeamento dos fragmentos florestais por meio de técnicas de classificação supervisionada utilizando imagem do satélite LANDSAT 8 OLI, obtidas junto ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais. Realizou-se o cálculo dos índices de ecologia, por meio do software ArcGis 10.2, com a extensão de domínio público V-LATER 2.0. Identificou-se 11.749 fragmentos florestais, que representam 22% de cobertura florestal na bacia hidrográfica. Os fragmentos pequenos (< 5 ha) foram encontrados em maior número, 8.394, seguidos pelos fragmentos de tamanho médio (5 a 50 ha), 2.995, e grandes (> 50 ha), 360. O número de fragmentos apresentaram relação inversa com sua contribuição na área. O bioma Mata Atlântica presente na bacia hidrográfica do rio Itapemirim, é representado, em sua maioria, por fragmentos florestais pequenos, menores que 5 ha, indicando um alto grau de fragmentação. Identification of Forest Fragments Potential for the delimitation of Ecological Corridors in the Itapemirim, ES River Basin through Remote Sensing techniques A B S T R A C TEcological corridors emerge as an alternative to mitigate the effects of forest fragmentation, allowing for the gene flow of fauna and flora and the recolonization of degraded areas. Given the above, the present study aimed to identify, for the Itapemirim river basin, ES, through a methodology developed in Geographic Information Systems, the delimitation of ecological corridors that allow the interconnection of forest fragments, identified through the analysis of the metrics. landscape as forest fragments with spatial attributes, which suggest greater conservation. The methodology consisted of mapping forest fragments by supervised classification techniques using LANDSAT 8 OLI satellite imagery, obtained from the National Institute for Space Research. Ecology indices were calculated using the ArcGis 10.2 software, with the public domain extension V-LATER 2.0. A total of 11,749 forest fragments were identified, representing 22% of forest cover in the watershed. Smaller fragments (<5 ha) were found in larger numbers, 8,394, followed by medium sized fragments (5 to 50 ha), 2,995, and large fragments (> 50 ha), 360. The number of fragments was inversely related to their size. contribution in the area. The Atlantic Forest biome present in the Itapemirim river basin is mostly represented by small forest fragments, smaller than 5 ha, indicating a high degree of fragmentation.Keywords: Indexes of landscape ecology, Atlantic Forest, Geoprocessing.
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