ResumenObjetivo: Conocer los problemas de salud mental y de malestar psíquico de los pacientes con cáncer, las barreras que pueden incidir en su escasa detección y en la falta de atención psicológica específica a los pacientes que la precisan, así como las vías que clínicos e investigadores están desarrollando para solventarlas. Un conocimiento real de estos problemas facilitaría el diseño, implementación o mejora de los recursos asistenciales, para el paciente oncológico.Método: Revisión bibliográfica de las investigaciones sobre el tema en las últimas dé-cadas.Resultados: Los pacientes con cáncer presentan elevada prevalencia de trastornos psicopatológicos y síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y malestar emocional (distress), en distintos momentos de la enfermedad, relacionados con diversos factores médicos, físicos, psicológicos y sociales. Los datos no permiten concluir sobre la prevalencia real puntual de dichos trastornos y síntomas, debido a las diferentes metodologías de investigación, y menos aun sobre su evolución durante la enfermedad, y Abstract Purpose: Identify mental health problems and distress in cancer patients; recognise the obstacles to their detection and the lack of specific psychological care for patients who need it; and determine the pathways that are being developed to address them. A true understanding of these problems would facilitate the design, implementation and improvement of health-care resources for oncologic patients.Methods: Literature review of the investigations on the subject from the last decades.Results: During their illness, cancer patients show a high prevalence of psychopathological disorders, anxiety symptoms, depression and distress, related to several medical, physical, psychological and social factors. To discover the protective and predictive factors of worsening, data analysis does not indicate the real punctual prevalence of these disorders and symptoms -mainly due to the different investigation methods used-, neither does it show the evolution during the illness and afterwards.

Children with renal transplant showed low methylation power (SAM/SAH) mainly due to increased levels of SAH which acts as a cardiovascular biomarker. Elevated values of ADMA and low Arg/ADMA coefficients also represent a novel finding because it inhibits nitric oxide synthesis contributing to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in such patients.

There is a relationship between the fatty acid profile in skeletal muscle phospholipids and peripheral resistance to insulin in adults, but similar data have not been reported in infancy and childhood. The objective of this study was to investigate the fatty acid composition of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue across the paediatric age range. The fatty acid profile of skeletal muscle phospholipids and adipose tissue triacylglycerols was analysed in ninety-three healthy Spanish infants and children distributed into four groups: group 1 (0 to <2 years, n 10); group 2 (2 to <5 years, n 41); group 3 (5 to <10 years, n 24); group 4 (10 to 15 years, n 18). In skeletal muscle phospholipids, oleic acid (18: 1n-9cis) content decreased significantly whereas that of linoleic (18: 2n-6) acid increased significantly with age (P for trend <0·01). In adipose tissue, the contents of triacylglycerol and linoleic acid increased significantly across the paediatric age range (P for trend <0·01), whereas dihomo-γ-linolenic (20: 3n-6) and arachidonic (20: 4n-6) showed significant differences between groups. The variations in fatty acid composition observed with age indicated an imbalance in dietary n-3/n-6 long-chain PUFA.

Objective: To provide information relevant for detecting potential self-neglecting elders in a Spanish population. Method: This study analyzed the records of 269 social services clients. They were classified in three groups: presumed adequate treatment (AT), at increased risk of abuse (RA), and at increased risk of self-neglect (SN). Social service professionals assessed these cases. Results: Elders at SN presented greater problems in terms of their personal hygiene and appearance, their living conditions, and their ability to look after themselves, to attend to their own health, to realistically assess their situation, and to accept help from others. Variables used to classify the participants correctly predicted 91.1% of the AT cases. However, they produced incorrect predictions in the other two groups. Discussion: These results have important implications for detecting self-neglect, but they need to be confirmed with more representative population samples.