24A well-known probiotic strain, L. rhamnosus GG, was encapsulated by spray-drying in milk 25 water-insoluble matrices upon reconstitution in hot water by exploiting and controlling the 26 clotting reaction of milk proteins during the process. The feed solution, composed of probiotic 27 bacteria and milk proteins, was or not subjected to the action of chymosin, a proteolytic enzyme. 28To optimize microencapsulation efficiency, different outlet air temperatures were tested (55, 70 29 and 85 °C). After spray-drying, small microparticles were recovered for further characterization. 30All drying conditions led to excellent bacterial survival rates (< 0.5 log reduction) whereas only 31 the highest outlet air temperature allowed the production of microparticles with acceptable 32 moisture contents (< 7 %) to ensure storage stability. Finally, enzymatic cleavage of milk 33 proteins by chymosin before atomization led to matrices presenting innovative functionalities 34 when microparticles are reconstituted with water: rehydration or dispersion in cold (8 °C) or 35 warm (40 °C) water, respectively. 36 37

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